05/31/2026
Suryakant Tripathi (1899 – 1961) was a Bengali poet, writer, composer, and sketch artist who would learn to write in Hindi. Tripathi was born at Mahishadal Midnapore, Bengal Presidency. He was born into a Kanyakubja Brahmin family. His father, Pandit Ramsahaya Tripathi, was a government servant and his mother had passed away when he was very young. Tripathi was educated in the Bengali medium at Mahishadal Raj High School of Mahishadal, the princely state in Purba Medinipur. He would soon move to Lucknow, to go live in his father's home village of Gadhakola in the Unnao district. Tripathi was married at the age of 15, and learned Hindi at the request of his wife Manohara Devi. He soon started writing poems in Hindi, instead of Bengali. Tripathi had a happy life with his wife and his daughter Saroj. But his family life was short lived when he lost his wife and daughter at 22 during the 1918 Spanish Flu Outbreak. Deeply devastated with the loss of his family, Tripathi found solace in following the words of Ramakrishna Paramhansa, Swami Vivekananda, and Rabindranath Tagore. Later he developed a deep affinity with nature. And would become a harsh critique of social injustice.These themes were reflected in his writings and would become very influential in Indian society. Tripathi was considered one of the four major pillars of the Chhayavad period in Hindi literature. And is renowned with the epithet Mahapran added to his pen name Nirala. He possessed a mastery of traditional poetic meters, with many of his compositions adhering to these forms He also revolutionised Hindi poetry by pioneering the use of free verse, becoming the first Hindi poet to do so, demonstrating that poetry could retain its' poetic essence and rhythm even without rhyming lines. Tripathi's poetry illustrated a profound connection with the living spirits of nature. Mystical poems, rich with the devotion of medieval Bhakti poetry, explored, metaphysical framework that aligned with his Advaita beliefs. His most famous works are his poems Sandhya Sundari, Juhi ki kali, Yamini jagi and Ram ki sakti Puja. Tripathi was also an accomplished musician who composed songs using the harmonium. His anthology of songs, titled Gitika was published in 1936 and features a collection of his musical works.