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Book of Mormon Evidence, Provo, UT (2026)

06/02/2026

North American DNA:
Haplogroup X is also one of the five haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Although it occurs only at a frequency of about 3% for the total current indigenous population of the Americas, it is a bigger haplogroup in northern North America, where among the Algonquin peoples (Ojibwe) it comprises up to 25% of mtDNA types. It is also present in lesser percentages to the west and south of this area—among the Sioux (15%), the Nuu-Chah-Nulth (11%–13%), the Navajo (7%), and the Yakama (5%) – Wikipedia. Also see https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/131120-science-native-american-people-migration-siberia-genetics

WINDOVER ARCHAEOLOGY SITE BREVARD COUNTY, FL THIS WAS ONE OF THE MOST INTACT CEMETERIES OF 6,000 B.C. THAT HAD EVER BEEN DISCOVERED.

HAPLOGROUP X is found in approximately 7% of native Europeans, and 3% of all Native Americans from North America. Overall, haplogroup X is found in around 2% of the population of Europe, the Near East and North Africa. It is especially common among Egyptians inhabiting El-Hayez Oasis. (14.3%) References at Wikipedia

RADIOCARBON DATING over the three seasons of excavation indicated ages ranging from 6,990 years to 8,120 years, plus or minus 70 years.

Ojibwe (X2a mtDNA) : are among the largest groups of Native Americans–First Nations north of Mexico. They are divided between Canada and the United States. In Canada, they are the second-largest population among First Nations, surpassed only by Cree. In the United States, they had the fourth-largest population among Native American tribes, surpassed only by Navajo, Cherokee and the Lakota. Because many Ojibwe were historically formerly located mainly around the outlet of Lake Superior, which the French colonists called Sault Ste. Marie, they referred to the Ojibwe as Saulteurs. Ojibwe who subsequently moved to the prairie provinces of Canada have retained the name Saulteaux. Ojibwe who were originally located about the Mississagi River and made their way to southern Ontario are known as the Mississaugas.

The Ojibwe peoples are a major component group of the Anishinaabe-speaking peoples, a branch of the Algonquian language family which includes the Algonquin, Nipissing, Oji-Cree, Odawa and the Potawatomi. The Ojibwe peoples number over 56,440 in the U.S., living in an area stretching across the northern tier from Michigan west to Montana. Another 77,940 of main-line Ojibwe; 76,760 Saulteaux and 8,770 Mississaugas, in 125 bands, live in Canada, stretching from western Quebec to eastern British Columbia.[citation needed] They are historically known for their crafting of birch bark canoes, sacred birch bark scrolls, use of cowrie shells for trading, cultivation of wild rice, and use of copper arrow points. In 1745 they adopted guns from the British to use to defeat and push the Dakota nation of the Sioux to the south. https://bookofmormonevidence.org/x2a-mtdna-ojibwe-origins-in-north-america-2/

06/01/2026

Original Lamanites near Apalachicola, FL?
Original Lamanites had to begin somewhere. I believe it was in Florida where Lehi landed, and his sons, Laman and Lemuel rejected the Lord’s words near that area. Wayne May likes the 500 BC area of Crystal Springs, FL and Rod Meldrum likes Clearwater FL, where a dear Native Friend of his named Blue Dolphin, told Rod about many years ago. Personally I love the Apalachicola, FL area where is found pure “tupelo” honey, 600 BC artifacts and Mounds everywhere, including Turtle Mound, and Pierce Mounds. Apalachicola, FL is also where the ancient historical Hopewell Culture began in 600 BC.

Most of the Heartland theorists feel that Florida was a very likely place of Lehi’s first inheritance of this Promised Land. See the map left, to see the beginning stages of the Hopewell Sphere of influence, from about 600 BC to 400 AD.

A unique aspect of many secular historians research, is their belief that for some unknown reason, this network of people ended abruptly in about 400 AD in New York. We of course know that to be the final battle near Hill Cumorah, NY.

Deptford culture, 500 BCE – 200 CE, with Atlantic region in red and Gulf region in gold
If you research the the Deptford Culture (800 BCE—700 CE), it was an archaeological culture in southeastern North America characterized by the appearance of elaborate ceremonial complexes, increasing social and political complexity, mound burial, permanent settlements, population growth, and an increasing reliance on cultigens.” Wikipedia.

A cultigen is a plant whose origin or selection is primarily due to intentional human activity. (Original Lamanites?)

“The Hopewell tradition, also called the Hopewell culture and Hopewellian exchange, describes a network of precontact Native American cultures that flourished in settlements along rivers in the northeastern and midwestern Eastern Woodlands from 100 BCE to 500 CE, in the Middle Woodland period. The Hopewell tradition was not a single culture or society but a widely dispersed set of populations connected by a common network of trade routes. At its greatest extent, the Hopewell exchange system ran from the northern shores of Lake Ontario south to the Crystal River Indian Mounds in modern-day Florida. Within this area, societies exchanged goods and ideas, with the highest amount of activity along waterways, which were the main transportation routes.” Wikipedia

05/31/2026

There are many connections with the Nephites, the Latter-day Saints and the Hopewell in the area of Missouri, Iowa and Illinois. Including, Zelph Mound, Kinderhook Plates, City Zarahemla, Land of Zarahemla, Head of River Sidon, Adam-Ondi-Ahman, Liberty Jail, Zion’s March, Plains of the Nephites, New Jerusalem, Ancient Pottery, New Temple, and Nauvoo Sacred Mounds.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has owned land in Kansas City since 1980 as I show in the map above. The Church in 2026 has begun a massive re-development project in this 500 Acres which I will share with you more about at the end of this blog under the title of LDS Church–Linked Property Development in Kansas City Area. Pioneer Crossing development will become a beacon of attraction near former LDS History sites of Independence, MO, Liberty Jail, New Jerusalem and the New Kansas City Temple. Understanding that the Zion’s Camp march ended near Liberty and Richmond, MO. Near Fishing River. In Book of Mormon times it was called the “Plains of the Nephites.”

The Kansas City Area is Indeed ‘THE’ Heartland of the Lord’s Promised Land. See all the other maps and pictures on the blog about the historic area of Kansas City Missouri with remains of Hopewell, Nephites, and LDS Historical areas. https://bookofmormonevidence.org/kansas-city-hopewell-archaeological-sites-300-bc-to-500-ad/

05/30/2026

I share some history in Utah that may connect to the timelines of the Book of Mormon as I discuss the Bingham Canyon Mine below. Under the Bingham Canyon Mine were found shafts and tunnels with hidden artifacts and a likely validation of activity and archaeology dating from the Fremont culture 1-1300 AD, Adena and Hopewell time lines as well.

“The Bingham Canyon Mine is now the largest man-made excavation on Earth. You can see it from space, but nobody talks about what the original crews found before the industrial operation began, and nobody explains why a copper mine needed to seal off sections that contain no copper at all… Now, to understand what happened in those sealed shafts, you need to know what Bingham Canyon was before it became a mine.

Freemont Culture 1 AD to 1301 AD
The Aqua of Mountains where Bingham Canyon sits have been inhabited for over 8,000 years. The Fremont people, then the Shoshone, considered the canyon sacred. Their oral histories describe it as a place where the old ones built into the mountain long before their ancestors arrived. The Shoshoni had specific warnings about certain areas of the canyon. Tribal elders told early settlers that some sections were forbidden, not because of spiritual taboos, but because people who entered certain caves didn’t come back the same.

They spoke of stone rooms that sang and tunnels that went down forever. Those warnings were documented in the journals of Jedidiah Smith, the first American explorer to traverse the region in 1826. Smith noted that his Shoshoni guides refused to approach the western face of the canyon, claiming it was a place of the ancients, not meant for the living.

When Mormon settlers reached the area in 1848, they found something strange. The canyon already had excavations, small test pits, sure, but also larger openings that showed evidence of metalwork far older than any Native American activity in the region. More here: https://bookofmormonevidence.org/hidden-archaeology-at-utahs-bingham-canyon-mine/

05/29/2026

Mesoamerica vs. Heartland
Both theories believe Nephi built his ship somewhere near Khor Kharfot, Oman. Both theories also believe Joseph Smith was shown the records from Moroni in the stone box at the hill Cumorah in New York.

There is really only two initial differences between the Heartland theory and the Mesoamerican theory.

1-Did Lehi leave Oman traveling east towards India and then arrive on the western coast of the Pacific at Guatemala or Chile? Or did Lehi leave Oman traveling southwest and land somewhere in the Gulf of America near Florida?
2-Was the location of the last battles of the Nephites and Lamanites in NY or Mexico? Mesoamericans believe that the hill in NY was not the same place that the final battles occurred which happened somewhere in Mexico. Heartlanders believe the hill Cumorah in NY was both the place that Joseph found the records and it is also around that same hill that the final battles occurred. Not ON that same hill, but around and about that hill.

Some have incorrectly assumed that the final battles of the Book of Mormon occurred in one single relatively small location or even on the Hill Cumorah itself, but the book, as well as the archaeological evidence, suggests otherwise. In 1851, the Smithsonian Institution published the book Antiquities of the State of New York which provides overwhelming evidence of massive burials all over the western portion of the state of New York. Here are a few quotes from this authoritative and informative book. https://bookofmormonevidence.org/overwhelming-evidence-mounds-skeletons-artifacts-near-cumorah-land/

05/28/2026

344 Days?
I believe there is only one way the Jaredites could have left the area of the Tower of Babel in about 2200 BC and then arrived on the Promised Land of North America. On the Pacific Ocean. We read Ether 6:11 which says, “And thus they were driven forth, three hundred and forty and four days upon the water.” This is the biggest key about the travel route of the Jaredites. Ask yourself where could the Jaredite barges be “driven forth” for 344 days from the old world to the new world on today’s oceans?

Near Kuwait- Jaredites Build their First Set of Barges
I believe the Jaredites traveled on foot from the Tower of Babel area (Bagdad, Iraq) about 400 miles south to *near Kuwait, and built their first set of barges and crossed “many waters” beginning in the Persian Gulf. I will share with you historical evidence to show ancient ships were built near Kuwait in Eridu, and Uruk all near Ur of the Chaldees where Abraham came from.

The travel of Lehi from Oman took about 5 or 6 months, and the trip for the Jaredites took about one year, (for the 2nd set of barges only). Yes there were at least two separate sets of barges spoken about in Ether Chapter 2. The second barges likely left China or Japan and sailed on the “great deep” for about 1 year.

This information is a summary about the ships being able to be built south of the Tower of Babel near Kuwait, then travel on the “many waters” from the Persian Gulf and other waters up to China or Japan. I go into further detail of the entire voyage below.

As you see on the map, travel on the Atlantic took Columbus about 69 days from Spain to the Bahamas. It took Philip Beale 40+ days to sail his Phoenicia ship from Tunisia to Miami on his voyage in 2020. It only took the Pilgrims 66 days from southern England to Plymouth Rock. It would also take Lehi about 140 to 170 days to sail from Oman to Florida according to British Sea Captain Philip Beale. If Nephi left Oman and traveled east towards India and landing in Guatemala or Chile , Captain Beal said it would take at least 18 months to arrive and the ship would land but the people would be dead as there wouldn’t be enough food and water aboard. https://bookofmormonevidence.org/344-days-first-ships-built-near-kuwait/

05/27/2026

An Understanding of Patriarchal vs Melchizedek

Adam had the priesthood given to him during Creation so that he could help in the creation of the world. Most likely others were given a Patriarchal Priesthood that went from father to son.

These holders of a Patriarchal Priesthood are likely keys that a worthy father may use to bless his personal Family). In order to preside over a body of worthy brethren Prophets and Fathers likely had to be ordained to the Melchizedek Priesthood by ordination on earth, by a worthy Higher Priesthood holder. I would think that Adam had hands laid on his head by his father, Eloheim during Creation. Some priesthood in the days of Adam was most likely patriarchal not necessarily a Melchizedek Priesthood holder, as I would think Heavenly Father gave Adam a Patriarchal Priesthood through lineage, but God would also ordain Adam with the Higher Order to preside over the people of the earth.

In other words, this is how it may have been.
Patriarchal = Given by birth only from your Patriarchal Line or Physical Father (A Worthy Father given rights (Not Ordained) to Preside over his family.
Melchizedek = Ordained by the Laying on of Hands by those in authority.(Rights to Preside over a community or people or an large group of people).

We know, "Jesus Christ is the Firstborn of Heavenly Father in the spirit and the Father’s Only Begotten Son in the flesh" You Have a Birthright By R. Val Johnson Church Magazines

Including the Aaronic Priesthood, are there two or three Priesthoods in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints? Officially only two: We will discuss that more as we progress through this discussion.

"Thus, the LDS doctrine of priesthood differs from all other views. (Melchizedek) Priesthood is not vocational or professional. It is not hereditary, passed by inheritance from father to son (even the Levitical priesthood was conferred by Ordination). It is not offered for money. It is not held by a group of specialists who are separated from the community (all worthy Latter-day Saint men are eligible to be ordained to the priesthood). And yet it is not a “priesthood of all believers,” as in the Protestant conception." (Encyclopedia of Religion, 11:529). https://bookofmormonevidence.org/what-is-the-difference-between-patriarchal-and-melchizedek-priesthood/

05/26/2026

“The Hopewell Culture was contemporaneous with the end of the Adena culture, but the Adena people tended to be considerably larger than the Hopewell. Remains of men seven feet tall were common among the Adena, while Hopewell were robust, their males averaged closer to six feet in height. There are four types of earthworks that were constructed by the ancient Hopewell civilization.

Defensive Enclosure Mounds
Burial Mounds
Effigy (Shaped) Mounds
Ceremonial and Temple Mounds
“Mounds were used chiefly as burial places but also as elevated foundations for special structures such as temples (Marietta, OH), hill top enclosures (Fort Ancient, OH), as totemic representations (Serpent Mound in Ohio), and ceremonial space and structures, (The great Circle/Octagon complex, Newark, OH). In size they vary from less than one acre in area to more than 100 acres. Over 200,000 earthworks dotted America’s Heartland.” The Book of Mormon in America’s Heartland page 102 by Rodney Meldrum

05/25/2026

What is the significance of three altars mentioned by Heber C. Kimball during Zions Camp? Or, the three unique altars at the Kirtland Temple? or the three offices of the priesthood? Aren’t there only two Priesthoods, namely Levitical and Melchizedek? “There are, in the church, two priesthoods, namely, the Melchizedek and Aaronic, including the Levitical Priesthood.” D&C 107:1 This article will explain there are actually 3 Priesthoods including the Patriarchal Priesthood.

"The Prophet Joseph called upon Brother Brigham, myself and others, saying, “Brethren, come, go along with me, and I will show you something,” He led us a short distance to a place where were the ruins of three altars built of stone, one above the other, and one standing a little back of the other, like unto the pulpits in the Kirtland Temple, representing the order of three grades of Priesthood; “There,” said Joseph, “is the place where Adam offered up sacrifice after he was cast out of the garden.” The altar stood at the highest point of the bluff. I went and examined the place several times while I remained there." (Life of Heber C. Kimball , pp. 209-210)

The following is fromHistory of the Church, (5:554-556)

"There are three grand orders of priesthood referred to here.
1st. The King of Shiloam.

(Salem) had power and authority over that of Abraham, holding the key and the power of endless life. Angels desire to look into it, but they have set up too many stakes. God cursed the children of Israel because they would not receive the last law from Moses...

The 2nd Priesthood is Patriarchal authority. Go to and finish the temple, and God will fill it with power, and you will then receive more knowledge concerning this priesthood...

The 3rd is what is called the Levitical Priesthood, consisting of priests to administer in outward ordinance, made without an oath; but the Priesthood of Melchizedek is by an oath and covenant.

The Holy Ghost is God’s messenger to administer in all those priesthoods. Jesus Christ is the heir of this Kingdom–the only begotten of the Father according to the flesh, and holds the keys over all this world..." HC 5:554-556

Full blog here: https://bookofmormonevidence.org/three-priesthoods-three-altars/

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