02/26/2025
The 2023-24 Religious Landscape Study (RLS) and other Pew Research Center polling find that the Christian share of the population, after years of decline, has been relatively stable since 2019. And the religiously unaffiliated population, after rising rapidly for decades, has leveled off – at least temporarily. At present:
62% of U.S. adults describe themselves as Christians: 40% are Protestant, 19% are Catholic, and 3% are other Christians.
29% are religiously unaffiliated: 5% are atheist, 6% are agnostic, and 19% identify religiously as “nothing in particular.”
7% belong to religions other than Christianity: 2% are Jewish, and 1% each are Muslim, Buddhist or Hindu (all figures are rounded).
Some key measures of religious belief and practice also have held fairly steady in recent years. The 2023-24 RLS finds that:
44% of U.S. adults say they pray at least once a day. Though down significantly since 2007, this measure has held between 44% and 46% since 2021.
33% say they go to religious services at least once a month. Since 2020, the percentages saying this have consistently hovered in the low 30s.
And large majorities of Americans have a spiritual, supernatural outlook. For example:
86% believe people have a soul or spirit in addition to their physical body.
83% believe in God or a universal spirit.
79% believe there is something spiritual beyond the natural world.
70% believe in heaven, hell or both.
But in future years we may see further declines in the religiousness of the American public, for several reasons:
Young adults are far less religious than older adults.
No recent birth cohort has become more religious as it has aged.
The “stickiness” of a religious upbringing seems to be declining: Compared with older people, fewer young adults who had a highly religious upbringing are still highly religious as adults.
The “stickiness” of a nonreligious upbringing seems to be rising.
Read key findings about trends in Americans' religious beliefs and practices in the 2023-24 Religious Landscape Study's executive summary. Pew Research Center.