04/13/2026
The Right Birdhouse for Every Backyard Bird
Not all birdhouses are equal — and the wrong hole size means
no bird moves in. Each species has specific requirements for
entry diameter, box style, and mounting height. Here are nine
of the most common North American cavity-nesting birds and
exactly what each one needs.
1. Chickadee — 1⅛" round entry hole. Small enclosed box,
mounted 5–15 ft high in a tree or post.
2. Tufted Titmouse — 1¼" round entry hole. Enclosed box
similar to chickadee style, slightly larger interior.
3. European Starling — 1¾" round entry hole. Standard
enclosed box, mount 10–25 ft high.
4. Purple Martin — Colony house with multiple 2⅛" round
holes. America's most social cavity nester — groups
of 4–24 compartments preferred.
5. Eastern Bluebird — Open-front or 1½" hole box. Mount
4–6 ft high on a fence post in open meadow or yard.
Face east or northeast.
6. Carolina Wren — Open-front box, mounted low — no higher
than 5 ft. Dense shrubs nearby preferred.
7. Brown Creeper — Triangular bark-mimicking box, mounted
flat against tree trunk. Unique design matches their
bark-climbing behavior.
8. Chimney Swift — Vertical tower box with oval or round
entry at top. Mount high and in the open — swifts
need clear airspace to enter in flight.
9. Eastern Screech-Owl — Tube or barrel-style box with
3" entry hole. Mount 10–30 ft high on a tree. No
perch needed — owls do not use them.
Key rule: Face boxes east or northeast. Never add a perch —
it gives predators a foothold.