01/09/2026
THE FOURTEEN-PERCENTERS
Having grown up in the palace, Moshe had influence. And he used that influence to help his brothers and sisters, the Jewish People who were enslaved to Pharaoh. One of his greatest achievements was when he convinced the king that the Jews should be given a breather once every seven days, a day to recover and gather their strength for the workweek ahead. This breather would make for stronger, more durable slaves. When the king consented, Moshe arranged for the Jews to have Shabbat off.
The Jews knew what Shabbat was, what it was all about. They understood that it was more than what Moshe had told the king. It was more than a day "off"; it was their day "on". Every Shabbat, the Jews would pull out their "redemption scrolls" and review them. These were scrolls upon which the Jews had recorded G-d's promises to their ancestors regarding them. G-d had decreed that they would be enslaved, but also that they would not be slaves in perpetuity. G-d had made solemn vows that they would ultimately go free amid great honor and wealth. The scrolls had these promises inscribed upon them, and every Shabbat the Jews would read and re-read them, refreshing their hopes and dreams of freedom.
When G-d finally sent Moshe to confront Pharaoh and inform him that the time had come and the Jews were to go free, Pharaoh reacted very negatively. He refused to send the Jews out, and he increased the burden of their labor. He decreed that the Jews should now have to find their own raw materials in addition to doing the actual labor, and that their quotas would remain the same even with the increased workload. And then he decreed: no more day off. No more Shabbat. No more reading the redemption scrolls. No more dreaming and hoping.
Where he once thought Shabbat was a benign and harmless day off, he now realized that it was not so. Moshe had ignited a long-burning ember in the Jewish soul by informing them that redemption was at hand. He had no need to persuade because for so many decades, every seven days, they had been nursing this belief that they were not forgotten and that redemption would come. When Moshe arrived, they were ready to go! So Pharaoh said, no more; Shabbat observance is more than simply a day off; it's when the eternal Jewish spirit turns on - it is a threat and a danger to the stability of the situation.
How right he was. But unfortunately for him, it was too late.
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There are two paths for those who go to work.
Path number one is to work out of a quiet sense of desperation. This path carries the motto of, "If you don't work, you don't eat." The belief system is a drab, practical one: life is full of holes, and those holes need to be plugged. To eat, you need money to buy food. To clothe yourself, you need money to buy clothes. To find shelter, you need money to pay for a roof over your head. And to get money, you need to go to work. So, unless you want to be hungry, exposed, and homeless, it's hi-ho, hi-ho, off to work you go.
Path number two is working out of a quiet sense of obligation. This path carries the Torah's motto of, "Man was born to toil." The belief system is founded upon a lofty but sensible ideal that sustenance of every kind is provided by the Creator, yet one must work for that is the calling of mankind upon the earth. Unlike wildlife, we are expected to partner with G-d in the creation process, and that means perfecting the world in any way one can. Paint, plumb, build, write, practice medicine or law, but whatever you do, be productive and give it all you've got. It's only right.
What's the difference between these two paths?
Those who go to work down the first path go with a sense of desperation. You have to work because of what would happen if you didn't. You have to work to plug the holes in life. You have to go to work to stave off the threat of hunger or deprivation, G-d forbid. And the more money you can get into your bank account, the larger the distance you put between yourself and those daunting prospects. And in this sense, even the most comfortable people are one bad market day from a nervous breakdown, G-d forbid. Their mental and emotional health rests upon their income - not a very stable perch.
And taking off a day for Shabbat? Usually unthinkable. When life feels like you're pushing a boulder uphill, how can you think of resting for 25 hours? The boulder will roll backwards downhill, and all that progress will unravel! While you pray and study, your clients will desert you, deals will come apart, connections will fray, agreements will expire, your accomplishments will roll backwards, and maybe even run you over! No, Shabbat is the luxury of the wealthy. No can do. Not because you don't want to, but because you're too fearful and desperate. Gotta keep the pedal to the metal or you start rolling downhill.
Furthermore, those who go down this first path will all-too-often derive the meaning in their life from plugging the holes. They jump out of bed in the morning, eager and ready to go slay the dragons and plug holes. They are animated and energized by the rat-race, by the great adventure which is staying financially secure. Should that threat vanish in a torrent of prosperity, they are at great risk of losing their sense of purpose and meaning. With no holes left to plug, why get out of bed in the morning? And if you're born into a family with no holes to plug? Forget about it. It's party time ad infinitum.
Those who go down the second path try to work from a place of noble obligation. They try to nurture a sense of inner peace from the belief that they are in G-d's hands. They trust Him. They try to avoid feelings of fear and desperation. If G-d is in control, what room is there for worry? Hard work, on the other hand, is surely called for. And so off to work they go, but without the anxiety. Their hard work is driven by positive energy, a love of hard work, and a sense of healthy responsibility to their Creator and their customers or clients. A market turn doesn't turn their stomachs. A client meltdown doesn't cause panic. A canceled deal doesn't destroy them. If G-d changes the channel on them, they lean forward, eager to see what's coming next, confident that it will be something even better than before. They go with the popular adage of, "Rejection is G-d's protection." They see opportunity in every setback. Their's is a healthier business lifestyle.
And they can happily take Shabbat off. Feeling how G-d is driving their fortunes forward, they heed His request to take Friday night and Saturday off. They don't fear their progress unraveling because they don't feel like they're putting out fires and plugging holes. Their work is meaningful and purposeful, and Shabbat is just another form of the same meaning and purpose.
Actually, Shabbat is the motherload of all that purpose and meaning. Every Shabbat, they pull out their figurative scrolls and remind themselves of their loftiest hopes and dreams: a G-d-given mission on earth, a constant source of clarity and energy, and a sublime goal to work toward. As Pharaoh discovered the hard way, Shabbat is not merely a breather, a day off; it is a day to plug in and turn on. It's the day when the Jews reconnect to the source of all life, success, beauty, purpose, and love. Immersed for 25 hours in pure G-dly energy, the Jew emerges Saturday energized for the week, brimming with the healthiest kind of energy with which to imbue the weekdays. A sacred Shabbat makes for an only slightly less sacred workweek.
This attitude keeps life meaningful through all the ups and downs. The person stays calm even during lean times, and driven even during the good times, even when business is booming and even after they've made enough money to retire. Because G-d is in control, and work is an honor and a duty.
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All this is the gift of Shabbat. Shabbat is a day when we refrain not only from business but also from writing, gardening, sewing, baking, and a host of other creative activities. The result is a completely open day, when we have real time to truly invest in activities of the soul. Private and communal Torah study and prayer, joyous and song-filled Shabbat meals with friends and family, deepening and enriching our sense of purpose, vision and a higher way of living.
Who knew that 14% of life could change the rest of it so dramatically?
Indeed, even through the slavery in Egypt, the Jews kept the Shabbat, and the Shabbat kept the Jews, and it goes on to this very day.
Good Shabbos, Shabbat Shalom!
Rabbi Eli Friedman
Chabad of Calabasas