21/06/2026
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▪️ المختصر في التفسير
﴿مَثَلُهُمۡ كَمَثَلِ ٱلَّذِی ٱسۡتَوۡقَدَ نَارࣰا فَلَمَّاۤ أَضَاۤءَتۡ مَا حَوۡلَهُۥ ذَهَبَ ٱللَّهُ بِنُورِهِمۡ وَتَرَكَهُمۡ فِی ظُلُمَـٰتࣲ لَّا یُبۡصِرُونَ ١٧ صُمُّۢ بُكۡمٌ عُمۡیࣱ فَهُمۡ لَا یَرۡجِعُونَ ١٨ أَوۡ كَصَیِّبࣲ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَاۤءِ فِیهِ ظُلُمَـٰتࣱ وَرَعۡدࣱ وَبَرۡقࣱ یَجۡعَلُونَ أَصَـٰبِعَهُمۡ فِیۤ ءَاذَانِهِم مِّنَ ٱلصَّوَ ٰعِقِ حَذَرَ ٱلۡمَوۡتِۚ وَٱللَّهُ مُحِیطُۢ بِٱلۡكَـٰفِرِینَ ١٩ یَكَادُ ٱلۡبَرۡقُ یَخۡطَفُ أَبۡصَـٰرَهُمۡۖ كُلَّمَاۤ أَضَاۤءَ لَهُم مَّشَوۡا۟ فِیهِ وَإِذَاۤ أَظۡلَمَ عَلَیۡهِمۡ قَامُوا۟ۚ وَلَوۡ شَاۤءَ ٱللَّهُ لَذَهَبَ بِسَمۡعِهِمۡ وَأَبۡصَـٰرِهِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَیۡءࣲ قَدِیرࣱ ٢٠ یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ٱعۡبُدُوا۟ رَبَّكُمُ ٱلَّذِی خَلَقَكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِینَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ٢١ ٱلَّذِی جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ فِرَ ٰشࣰا وَٱلسَّمَاۤءَ بِنَاۤءࣰ وَأَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَاۤءِ مَاۤءࣰ فَأَخۡرَجَ بِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلثَّمَرَ ٰتِ رِزۡقࣰا لَّكُمۡۖ فَلَا تَجۡعَلُوا۟ لِلَّهِ أَندَادࣰا وَأَنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٢ وَإِن كُنتُمۡ فِی رَیۡبࣲ مِّمَّا نَزَّلۡنَا عَلَىٰ عَبۡدِنَا فَأۡتُوا۟ بِسُورَةࣲ مِّن مِّثۡلِهِۦ وَٱدۡعُوا۟ شُهَدَاۤءَكُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَـٰدِقِینَ ٢٣ فَإِن لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلُوا۟ وَلَن تَفۡعَلُوا۟ فَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱلنَّارَ ٱلَّتِی وَقُودُهَا ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلۡحِجَارَةُۖ أُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡكَـٰفِرِینَ ٢٤﴾ [البقرة: ١٧-٢٤]
١٧- ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ لِهٰؤُلَاءِ ٱلْمُنَافِقِينَ مَثَلَيْنِ: مَثَلًا نَارِيًّا، وَمَثَلًا مَائِيًّا.
Allāh sets forth for these hypocrites two parables: a fiery one and a watery one.
فَأَمَّا مَثَلُهُمُ ٱلنَّارِيُّ: فَهُمْ كَمَثَلِ مَنْ أَوْقَدَ نَارًا لِيَسْتَضِيءَ بِهَا.
As for their fiery parable, they are like one who kindled a fire to gain light from it.
فَلَمَّا سَطَعَ نُورُهَا وَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ يَنْتَفِعُ بِضَوْئِهَا خَمَدَتْ.
But when its light shone and he thought he would benefit from it, it was extinguished.
فَذَهَبَ مَا فِيهَا مِنْ إِشْرَاقٍ، وَبَقِيَ مَا فِيهَا مِنْ إِحْرَاقٍ.
So all its illumination disappeared, and only its burning remained.
فَبَقِيَ أَصْحَابُهَا فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ لَا يَرَوْنَ شَيْئًا، وَلَا يَهْتَدُونَ سَبِيلًا.
Thus its companions were left in darkness, unable to see anything or find a way.
١٨- فَهُمْ صُمٌّ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ ٱلْحَقَّ سَمَاعَ قَبُولٍ، بُكْمٌ لَا يَنْطِقُونَ بِهِ، عُمْيٌ عَنْ إِبْصَارِهِ.
They are deaf, not hearing the truth with acceptance; mute, not speaking it; blind, not seeing it.
فَلَا يَرْجِعُونَ عَنْ ضَلَالِهِمْ.
So they do not turn back from their misguidance.
١٩- وَأَمَّا مَثَلُهُمُ ٱلْمَائِيُّ: فَهُمْ كَمَثَلِ مَطَرٍ كَثِيرٍ مِنْ سَحَابٍ فِيهِ ظُلُمَاتٌ مُتَرَاكِمَةٌ وَرَعْدٌ وَبَرْقٌ.
As for their watery parable, they are like heavy rain from clouds containing layered darkness, thunder, and lightning.
نَزَلَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَأَصَابَهُمْ ذُعْرٌ شَدِيدٌ.
It falls upon people and strikes them with intense fear.
فَجَعَلُوا يَسُدُّونَ آذَانَهُمْ بِأَطْرَافِ أَصَابِعِهِمْ مِنْ شِدَّةِ صَوْتِ ٱلصَّوَاعِقِ خَوْفًا مِنَ ٱلْمَوْتِ.
So they put their fingers in their ears from the intensity of thunderclaps, fearing death.
وَٱللَّهُ مُحِيطٌ بِٱلْكَافِرِينَ لَا يُعْجِزُونَهُ.
And Allāh encompasses the disbelievers; they cannot escape Him.
٢٠- يَكَادُ ٱلْبَرْقُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ لَمَعَانِهِ وَسُطُوعِهِ يَأْخُذُ أَبْصَارَهُمْ.
The lightning almost snatches away their sight due to its intense flash and brightness.
كُلَّمَا أَوْمَضَ ٱلْبَرْقُ لَهُمْ وَأَضَاءَ تَقَدَّمُوا، وَإِذَا لَمْ يُضِئْ بَقُوا فِي ٱلظُّلُمَاتِ.
Whenever the lightning flashes for them, they walk; and when it becomes dark, they stand still.
فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِيعُوا ٱلْحَرَكَةَ.
So they are unable to move.
وَلَوْ شَاءَ ٱللَّهُ لَذَهَبَ بِسَمْعِهِمْ وَأَبْصَارِهِمْ بِقُدْرَتِهِ ٱلشَّامِلَةِ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ.
And if Allāh had willed, He would have taken away their hearing and their sight by His power over all things.
فَلَا تَعُودُ إِلَيْهِمْ لِإِعْرَاضِهِمْ عَنِ ٱلْحَقِّ.
So they would never return to them due to their turning away from the truth.
فَكَانَ ٱلْمَطَرُ مَثَلًا لِلْقُرْآنِ، وَصَوْتُ ٱلصَّوَاعِقِ مَثَلًا لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ ٱلزَّوَاجِرِ.
The rain is a parable for the Qur’an, and the sound of thunder is a parable for its warnings.
وَضَوْءُ ٱلْبَرْقِ مَثَلًا لِظُهُورِ ٱلْحَقِّ لَهُمْ أَحْيَانًا.
And the light of lightning is a parable for the truth appearing to them at times.
وَجَعْلُ سَدِّ ٱلْآذَانِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ ٱلصَّوَاعِقِ مَثَلًا لِإِعْرَاضِهِمْ عَنِ ٱلْحَقِّ وَعَدَمِ ٱلِاسْتِجَابَةِ لَهُ.
Covering their ears from thunderclaps is a parable of their turning away from the truth and refusing to respond to it.
وَوَجْهُ ٱلشَّبَهِ بَيْنَ ٱلْمُنَافِقِينَ وَأَصْحَابِ ٱلْمَثَلَيْنِ هُوَ عَدَمُ ٱلِاسْتِفَادَةِ.
The similarity between the hypocrites and these two parables is the lack of benefit.
فَفِي ٱلْمَثَلِ ٱلنَّارِيِّ لَمْ يَسْتَفِدْ مُسْتَوْقِدُهَا غَيْرَ ٱلظُّلْمَةِ وَٱلْإِحْرَاقِ.
In the fiery parable, the one who lit it gained nothing but darkness and burning.
وَفِي ٱلْمَثَلِ ٱلْمَائِيِّ لَمْ يَسْتَفِدْ أَصْحَابُ ٱلْمَطَرِ إِلَّا مَا يُرَوِّعُهُمْ وَيُزْعِجُهُمْ مِنَ ٱلرَّعْدِ وَٱلْبَرْقِ.
And in the watery parable, they gained nothing from the rain except what frightens and disturbs them of thunder and lightning.
وَهٰكَذَا ٱلْمُنَافِقُونَ لَا يَرَوْنَ فِي ٱلْإِسْلَامِ إِلَّا ٱلشِّدَّةَ وَٱلْقَسْوَةَ.
Likewise, the hypocrites see in Islam nothing but hardship and severity.
٢١- وَلَمَّا ذَكَرَ ٱللَّهُ أَنْوَاعَ ٱلنَّاسِ مِنْ مُؤْمِنِينَ وَكَافِرِينَ وَمُنَافِقِينَ نَادَاهُمْ جَمِيعًا.
When Allah mentioned the categories of people—believers, disbelievers, and hypocrites—He called all of them together.
يَا أَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ٱعْبُدُوا رَبَّكُمْ وَحْدَهُ دُونَ سِوَاهُ.
O mankind, worship your Lord alone, without any partner besides Him.
٢٢- فَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلْأَرْضَ بِسَاطًا مُمَهَّدًا، وَجَعَلَ ٱلسَّمَاءَ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ مُحْكَمَةَ ٱلْبِنَاءِ.
He is the One who made the earth a spread-out bed for you and the sky above you a firm structure.
وَهُوَ ٱلْمُنْعِمُ بِإِنْزَالِ ٱلْمَطَرِ فَأَنْبَتَ بِهِ مِنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ ثِمَارًا رِزْقًا لَكُمْ.
And He is the One who bestows the blessing of sending down rain, bringing forth fruits from the earth as provision for you.
فَلَا تَجْعَلُوا لِلَّهِ أَنْدَادًا وَأَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ لَا خَالِقَ إِلَّا هُوَ.
So do not set up rivals to Allāh while you know that none creates except Him.
٢٣- وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِمَّا نَزَّلْنَا عَلَى عَبْدِنَا فَأْتُوا بِسُورَةٍ مِثْلِهِ.
And if you are in doubt about what We revealed to Our servant, then produce a surah like it.
وَادْعُوا شُهَدَاءَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ.
And call your witnesses if you are truthful.
٢٤- فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَلَنْ تَفْعَلُوا فَاتَّقُوا ٱلنَّارَ ٱلَّتِي وَقُودُهَا ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلْحِجَارَةُ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْكَافِرِينَ.
And if you do not do so—and you will never be able to—then fear the Fire whose fuel is men and stones, prepared for the disbelievers.
• مِنْ فَوَائِدِ ٱلْآيَاتِ:
From the benefits of the verses:
أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَخْذُلُ ٱلْمُنَافِقِينَ فِي أَشَدِّ أَحْوَالِهِمْ حَاجَةً جَزَاءً لِنِفَاقِهِمْ.
Allāh abandons the hypocrites in their most desperate situations as a consequence of their hypocrisy.
وَأَنَّ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ ٱلْأَدِلَّةِ عَلَى وُجُوبِ إِفْرَادِ ٱللَّهِ بِٱلْعِبَادَةِ أَنَّهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ.
One of the greatest proofs for the obligation of worshipping Allāh alone is that He is the Creator of everything.
وَأَنَّ عَجْزَ ٱلْخَلْقِ عَنْ ٱلْإِتْيَانِ بِمِثْلِ سُورَةٍ مِنَ ٱلْقُرْآنِ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ وَحْيٌ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ.
And the inability of creation to produce anything like a surah of the Qur’an proves that it is revelation from Allāh.
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