02/01/2024
Protestant SOLA SCRIPTURA “ is there any proof from the early church fathers”?
Our Protestant friends try to find evidence of their Sola Scriptura from Early Church Fathers. Can they find one?
Here are their lists. Let's find out!
1. Irenaeus of Lyons (d. 202)
We have learned from none others the plan of our salvation, than from those through whom the Gospel has come down to us, which they did at one time proclaim in public, and, at a later period, by the will of God, handed down to us in the Scriptures, to be the ground and pillar of our faith. (Against Heresies, 3.1.1)
My comment:
St. Irenaeus states that the gospel of Christ came to us in two forms, that is through public preaching of the apostles, and then the inspired writers also wrote them down, thus the written form came later. What is handed over or the Traditions; Oral or written is the gospel of Christ taught by the apostles themselves (by the Catholic Church ), according to Irenaeus is the ground and pillar of our faith.
St. Irenaeus said this concerning the church of Rome.
“For with this Church, because of its superior origin, all churches must agree, that is all the faithful in the whole world; and it is in her that the faithful everywhere have maintained the Apostolic tradition.”
Why? He knew that many heretics misuse and abuse Scripture. Thus he points us to where to get the true understanding of Scripture-the pillar and foundation of faith proclaimed by the Church- the foundation and pillar of TRUTH.
2. Tertullian of Carthage (c. 160–235) [in defending the truth of the Trinity against the heretic Praxeas:]
It will be your duty, however, to adduce your proofs out of the Scriptures as plainly as we do, when we prove that He made His Word a Son to Himself. . . . All the Scriptures attest the clear existence of, and distinction in (the Persons of) the Trinity, and indeed furnish us with our Rule of faith. (Against Praxeas, 11)
My commentary:
It must be noted that Tertullian made use of Deuterocanonical writing as proof for the Trinity. With that, we Catholics possess that Scriptures, furnish us with our rule of faith,
Yet NOT as the sole rule of faith.
3. Hippolytus (d. 235)
There is brethren, one God, the knowledge of whom we gain from the Holy Scriptures, and no other source. For just as a man if he wishes to be skilled in the wisdom of this world will find himself unable to get at it in any other way than by mastering the dogmas of philosophers, so all of us who wish to practice piety will be unable to learn its practice from any quarter than the oracles of God. Whatever things then the Holy Scriptures declare, at these let us look; and whatsoever things they teach these let us learn. (Against Heresies, 9)
My comments:
Indeed, let's read the Scriptures! As Catholics, we need to do as St. Hippolytus said. Why? So we can refute those who are twisting the Holy Scriptures. Not only that, but also for us to live a holy life, knowing the will of God and obeying Him.
4. Dionysius of Alexandria (ca. 265):
We did not evade objections, but we endeavoured as far as possible to hold to and confirm the things which lay before us, and if the reason given satisfied us, we were not ashamed to change our opinions and agree with others; but on the contrary, conscientiously and sincerely, and with hearts laid open before God, we accepted whatever was established by the proofs and teachings of the Holy Scriptures. (Cited from Eusebius, Church History, 7.24.7–9)
My comments:
Yes! We need to have the same approach, PRIVATE opinions MUST not be our rule of faith. We must listen to the Holy Scriptures according to the teaching of the Church established by Christ, not just anyone from the street corner who just purchased a Bible.
5. Athanasius of Alexandria (296–373) [After outlining the books of the Bible, Athanasius wrote:]
These are fountains of salvation, that they who thirst may be satisfied with the living words they contain. In these alone is proclaimed the doctrine of godliness. Let no man add to these, neither let him take ought from these. For concerning these the Lord put to shame the Sadducees, and said, ‘Ye do err, not knowing the Scriptures.’ And He reproved the Jews, saying, ‘Search the Scriptures, for these are they that testify of Me.’ (Festal Letter 39, 6–7)
My comment:
St. Athanasius mentioned the instance wherein Jesus told the Sadducees saying “Ye do err not knowing the Scriptures”. The Sadducees made use of Deuterocanonical writing as a “proof of Scripture” against resurrection. With that, Jesus told them basically that they didn't understand that passage of Scripture. Yet, funny enough our Protestant friends would deny that Deuterocanonical writings inspired Scripture.
It's also evident that having Scriptures, like the Pharisees and Sadducees could err BIG TIME as Jesus told them concerning the truth about the resurrection.
6. Cyril of Jerusalem (315–386) [After defending the doctrine of the Holy Spirit]:
We ought not to deliver even the most casual remark without the Holy Scriptures: nor be drawn aside by mere probabilities and the artifices of argument. Do not then believe me because I tell thee these things unless thou receive from the Holy Scriptures the proof of what is set forth: for this salvation, which is of our faith, is not by ingenious reasonings, but by proof from the Holy Scriptures...Let us then speak nothing concerning the Holy Ghost but what is written; and if anything is not written, let us not busy ourselves about it. The Holy Ghost Himself spoke the Scriptures; He has also spoken concerning Himself as much as He pleased, or as much as we could receive. Be those things therefore spoken, which He has said; for whatsoever He has not said, we dare not say. (Catechetical Lectures, 4.17ff)
My commentary:
St. Cyril encourages the use of Scriptures but he never prescribes “use Scripture alone”. If you read above what he said in all his writings he never made use of the Protestant idea of “Bible alone”.
7. John Chrysostom (344–407)
Let us not therefore carry about the notions of the many, but examine into the facts. For how is it not absurd that in respect to money, indeed, we do not trust others, but refer this to figures and calculation; but in calculating upon facts we are lightly drawn aside by the notions of others; and that too, though we possess an exact balance, and square and rule for all things, the declaration of the divine laws? Wherefore I exhort and entreat you all, disregard what this man and that man thinks about these things, and inquire from the Scriptures all these things, and have learnt what are the true riches, let us pursue after them that we may obtain also the eternal good things; which may we all obtain, through the grace and love towards men of our Lord Jesus Christ, with Whom, to the Father and the Holy Spirit, be glory, might, and honour, now and ever, and world without end. Amen.” (Homily on 2 Corinthians, 13.4)
My comments:
Amen! We can read and learn what St. John Chrysostom mentioned from Scripture. But it's important to notice what he said and what is not. He never taught “Scripture alone”.
8. Augustine of Hippo (354–430)
Whereas, therefore, in every question, which relates to life and conduct, not only teaching, but exhortation also is necessary; so that by teaching we may know what is to be done, and by exhortation may be incited not to think it irksome to do what we already know is to be done; what more can I teach you, than what we read in the Apostle? For holy Scripture establishes a rule to our teaching, that we dare not “be wiser than we ought;” but be wise, as he himself says, “unto soberness, according as unto each God hath allotted the measure of faith.” Be it not therefore for me to teach you any other thing, save to expound to you the words of the Teacher, and to treat of them as the Lord shall have given to me. (The Good of Widowhood, 2)
My commentary:
Yes and Amen! Why? He said that Scriptures as “a rule” and NOT THE RULE.
Where do we get the words of the Master? From the preaching of the apostles and from the written words of God, hence there’s no such thing as sola scriptura there at all.
Augustine (again):
For the reasonings of any men whatsoever, even though they be [true Christians], and of high reputation, are not to be treated by us in the same way as the canonical Scriptures are treated. We are at liberty, without doing any violence to the respect which these men deserve, to condemn and reject anything in their writings, if perchance we shall find that they have entertained opinions differing from that which others or we ourselves have, by the divine help, discovered to be the truth. I deal thus with the writings of others, and I wish my intelligent readers to deal thus with mine. (Augustine, Letters, 148.15)”
My commentary:
I agree with St. Augustine! Yes, when a Christian even if he is in the hierarchy his writings are not on par with the written words of God. Moreover, if he contradicts the teachings of Scripture according to the teachings of the Catholic Church, then we must reject his teachings, even if they cite verses of Scripture.
Clearly, the doctrine of sola Scriptura was NEVER taught in Scripture, nor believed and practice by the early church fathers. This new teaching was only invented by Martin Luther in the 16th century AD.