03/10/2021
St Ignatius of Antioch of 107-110 AD who was a disciple of the Apostle John, clearly taught the real presence in the Lord's Supper.
We also believe and confess that in the Lord's Supper, the real body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ are truly present in, with, and under the bread and wine. We believe that after the consecration, we partake of the real and true body and blood of Christ by means of the bread and wine. We reject the symbolic and spiritual view of the Lord's Supper. Instead we take Christ at His word when He took bread and said, "This IS My body." And when Christ took the cup and said "This IS My blood," we believe what He said.
[Read Matthew 26:17-30, Mark 14:12-26, Luke 22:7-23, 1 Corinthians 10:14-22, and
1 Corinthians 11:23-30]
Matthew 26:26-29 says,
"And as they were eating, Jesus took BREAD, blessed and broke it, and gave it to the disciples and said, “TAKE, EAT; THIS IS MY BODY.” Then He took the CUP, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, “DRINK FROM IT, ALL OF YOU. FOR THIS IS MY BLOOD OF THE NEW COVENANT, which is shed for many for the REMISSION OF SINS. But I say to you, I will not drink of this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in My Father’s kingdom.” NKJV
1 Corinthians 11:23-30
For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus on the same night in which He was betrayed took BREAD; and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, “TAKE, EAT; THIS IS MY BODY which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” In the same manner He also took the CUP after supper, saying, “THIS CUP IS THE NEW COVENANT IN MY BLOOD. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.” For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death till He comes. Therefore whoever eats this BREAD or drinks this CUP of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of the BODY and BLOOD of the Lord. But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of the BREAD and drink of the CUP. For he who eats and drinks in an unworthy manner eats and drinks judgment to himself, not discerning the LORD ’S BODY. For this reason many are weak and sick among you, and many sleep. NKJV
1 Corinthians 10:16-17
The CUP OF BLESSING which we bless, is it not the COMMUNION OF THE BLOOD OF CHRIST? THE BREAD WHICH WE BREAK, IS IT NOT THE COMMUNION OF THE BODY OF CHRIST? For we, though many, are one bread and one body; for we all partake of that ONE BREAD. NKJV
So we see clearly from Scripture that Christ took both bread and wine and declared it to be His body and His blood. The bread and wine are in communion with His body and blood. So when we partake of the Eucharist, we are entering into His once and for all sacrifice at calvary, and receiving the benefits won by Christ, which is forgiveness of sins, salvation, and life. It is not a re-sacrificing of His finished work, but a recieving of the fruits of His cross. Christ cannot be re-sacrificed or re-presented again and again, because He suffered once for all, and offered Himself up once to bear the sins of many.
1 Peter 3:18
For Christ also suffered ONCE for sins, the just for the unjust, that He might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive by the Spirit. NKJV
Hebrews 9:28
so Christ was offered ONCE to bear the sins of many. To those who eagerly wait for Him He will appear a second time, apart from sin, for salvation. NKJV
Ignatius of Antioch of 107-110 AD also said
"Take care, then, to use one Eucharist, so that whatever you do, you do according to God: FOR THERE IS ONE FLESH OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST, and one cup IN THE UNION OF HIS BLOOD; one ALTAR, as there is one bishop with the presbytery…"(Letter to the Philadelphians 4:1)
And...
"Take note of those who hold heterodox opinions on the grace of Jesus Christ which has come to us, and see how contrary their opinions are to the mind of God. . . . They abstain from the Eucharist and from prayer because they do not confess that the Eucharist is the flesh of our Savior Jesus Christ, flesh which suffered for our sins and which that Father, in his goodness, raised up again. They who deny the gift of God are perishing in their disputes” (Letter to the Smyrnaeans 6:2–7:1 [A.D. 110]).
We could go on with Irenaeus of Lyons, Justin Martyr, and so forth.
The book of Concord in the Apology of the Augsburg confession says,
"The Tenth Article has been approved, in which we confess that we believe, that in the Lord’s Supper the body and blood of Christ are truly and substantially present, and are truly tendered, with those things which are seen, bread and wine, to those who receive the Sacrament. This belief we constantly defend, as the subject has been carefully examined and considered. For since Paul says, 1 Cor. 10:16, that the bread is the communion of the Lord’s body, etc., it would follow, if the Lord’s body were not truly present, that the bread is not a communion of the body, but only of the spirit of Christ.
55 And we have ascertained that not only the Roman Church affirms the bodily presence of Christ, but the Greek Church also both now believes, and formerly believed, the same. For the canon of the Mass among them testifies to this, in which the priest clearly prays that the bread may be changed and become the very body of Christ. And Vulgarius, who seems to us to be not a silly writer, says distinctly that bread is not a mere figure, but
56 is truly changed into flesh. And there is a long exposition of Cyril on John 15, in which he teaches that Christ is corporeally offered us in the Supper. For he says thus: Nevertheless, we do not deny that we are joined spiritually to Christ by true faith and sincere love. But that we have no mode of connection with Him, according to the flesh, this indeed we entirely deny. And this, we say, is altogether foreign to the divine Scriptures. For who has doubted that Christ is in this manner a vine, and we the branches, deriving thence life for ourselves? Hear Paul saying 1 Cor. 10:17; Rom. 12:5; Gal. 3:28: We are all one body in Christ; although we are many, we are, nevertheless, one in Him; for we are, all partakers of that one bread. Does he perhaps think that the virtue of the mystical benediction is unknown to us? Since this is in us, does it not also, by the communication of Christ’s flesh, cause Christ to dwell in us bodily? And a little after: Whence we must consider that Christ is in us not only according to the habit, which we call love,
57 but also by natural participation, etc. We have cited these testimonies, not to undertake a discussion here concerning this subject, for His Imperial Majesty does not disapprove of this article, but in order that all who may read them may the more clearly perceive that we defend the doctrine received in the entire Church, that in the Lord’s Supper the body and blood of Christ are truly and substantially present, and are truly tendered with those things which are seen, bread and wine. And we speak of the presence of the living Christ [living body]; for we know that death hath no more dominion over Him, Rom. 6:9."
So the Lord's Supper is the real and true body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ in, with, and under the bread and wine that Jesus gave us to eat and drink.
Now what about John 6? Is John 6 a proof text for the Lord's Supper? To my knowledge I'm not aware that it is. John 6 must be understood in light of its own context.
Jesus says in John 6:53-57,
"Then Jesus said to them, “Most assuredly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood, you have no life in you. Whoever eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day. For My flesh is food indeed, and My blood is drink indeed. He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood abides in Me, and I in him. As the living Father sent Me, and I live because of the Father, so he who feeds on Me will live because of Me." NKJV
I believe the best way to explain verses 53-57 would be to first read the whole chapter. John 6 is about a spiritual eating of Christ's flesh and blood by means of coming to Him and believing in Him. Feeding on Him by faith, and the gospel. Feeding on Him by clinging to His grace and promises.
John 6:28-29, 32-33, 35-40, 47 says,
"Then they said to him, “What must we do, to be doing the works of God?” Jesus answered them, “This is the WORK OF GOD, THAT YOU BELIEVE IN HIM WHOM HE HAS SENT.” ...Jesus then said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, it was not Moses who gave you the bread from heaven, but my Father gives you the true bread from heaven. For the BREAD OF GOD IS HE who comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.”.....Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life; WHOEVER COMES TO ME SHALL NOT HUNGER, AND WHOEVER BELIEVES IN ME SHALL NEVER THIRST. But I said to you that you have seen me and yet do not believe. All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out. For I have come down from heaven, not to do my own will but the will of him who sent me. And this is the will of him who sent me, that I should lose nothing of all that he has given me, but raise it up on the last day. For this is the will of my Father, that everyone who looks on the Son and BELIEVES IN HIM should have eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.”...Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever BELIEVES has eternal life." ESV
The Kjv and Nkjv in the Recieved Text adds the words "in Me" in verse 47.
Most assuredly, I say to you, he who BELIEVES IN ME has everlasting life. NKJV
Jesus is our spiritual nourishment. He is the living Bread that came down from heaven to give life to the world. He gives life to the world by His death and resurrection. And He gives life to the world because we believe in Him.
So we eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood in two ways.
One, by coming to Him and believing in Him, and feeding on Him by faith, and trusting in His promises.
And Two, by means of the bread and wine in the Lord's Supper for the forgiveness of sins.