Gospel Minster

21/09/2026

TUJIFUNZE KISWAHILI:
1. Radio - mwengoya
2. Charger - kimemeshi
3. Password - nywila
4. Akala (bladder shoes) - kirikiri
5. Passion fruit - karakara
6. Goose berries - zabibu bata
7. Loquart - chenza
8. Kangaroo - bukunyika
9. Fridge/deep freezer/refrigerator - jirafu/jokofu
10. Juice - sharubati
11. Cement - saruji
12. Speaker (electronic) - kipaza sauti
13. Speaker (politician) - spika.
14. Chips - vibanzi
15. PHD - uzamifu
16. Masters degree - uzamili
17. Bachelor's degree - shahada
18. Diploma - stashahada
19. Certificate (academic) - astashahada
20. Keyboard - kicharazio
21. Scanner - mdaki
22. Flash disk -kinyonywa
23. Floppy disk - diski tepetevu
24. Computer mouse - kiteuzi/kipanya
25. Computer virus - mtaliga
26. Screen (noun) - kiwambo
27. Remote - kisengeretua/kitendambali
28. Aerial - kiungambali
29. Distillation - ukenekaji
30. Evaporation - mvukizo
31. Synthesis - uoanishaji
32. Oesophagus - umio
33. Greenhouse - kivungulio
34. Incubator - kiangulio
35. Femur - fupaja
36. Germcell - selizazi
37. Humus - mboji
38. Nector - mbochi/ntwe
39. Nutrients - virutubisho
40. Crystal - fuwele
41. Appetizers - vihamuzi
42. Coral reef - tumbawe
43. ATM - kiotomotela
44. Business card - kadikazi
45. Scratch card - kadihela
46. Simcard - kadiwia/mkamimo
47. Memory card - kadi sakima
48. Oven - tanuri
49. Microwave - kikangazi
50. Furnace - rafadha
51. Mobile phone - rununu/rukono
52. Stapler - kibanizi
53. Laptop - kipakatalishi
54. Powersaw - msumeno oto
55. Duplicating machine - kirudufu
56. Photocopier - kinukuzi
57. Printer - kichapishi
58. Cocktail party - tafrija mchapulo
59. Calculator - kikokotozi
60. Air conditioner - kiyoyozi
61. Lift (for buildings) - kambarau
62. Reaction - radiamali
63. Toothpick - kichokonoo
64. Street - ubungo
65. Email - barua pepe
66. Fax - pepesi
67. Hacker - mdukuzi
68. Cartoon - kibonzo
69. ICU - sadaruki
70. Diameter - kipenyo
71. Radius - nusu kipenyo
72. Shed (for resting) - mndule
73. Zebra crossing - kivuko milia

21/09/2026

This is the guy who troubled us with Kiswahili Mufti in primary school!

Wallah bin Wallah - his real birth name was Wallah Ndeda (he is Luo by tribe).

His History:

- Born in 1956 in Mwanza, Tanzania. He went to Lukungu and Bukumbi Primary School.
- After Class 7, he had no school fees. Church missionaries took him in and enrolled him at Nyegezi Seminary in 1972 for one and a half years.
- But when he converted to Islam, the Christian missionaries expelled him. He dropped out.
- Life got hard - he spent 3 years hawking fish between Mwanza and Kisumu.
- Later, the Muslim Youth League sponsored him to go to Ravals Secondary School in Nairobi. Fees became a problem again after Form 2, so he started hawking peanuts and vegetables at Marikiti market in Nairobi. He would wake up at 3am to buy vegetables, go to school, then sell after school.

Education:
He pushed on, got his A-levels in 1976, then went to Morogoro Teachers Training College (Diploma 1978), then a degree in Swahili and Arabic in Zanzibar, and a Master's at Dar es Salaam University.

Teaching Career:
His first job was at Misiani Girls in Kangundo, then Moi Girls Isinya and Mbita High School. While at Mbita, he wrote his first novel Malenga wa Ziwa Kuu (1988).

Writing Breakthrough:
In 1994 he resigned from TSC and joined Makini School (private). In 1996, Longhorn Publishers gave him a contract to write Kiswahili Mufti from Class 1 to Class 8. That became the best-selling Swahili coursebook in East Africa.

He also wrote:
- Insha Mufti
- Chemshabongo
- Taswira ya Mtihani
- Short stories like Zawadi ya Sanda, Kicheko cha Maiti

He was also contracted to translate the Tanzanian draft constitution from English to Swahili. He was housed at Hilton Nairobi for 18 months - translating the constitution during the day, and writing Kiswahili Mufti at night.

From earning Ksh 300 per month as a teacher, he now earns an estimated Ksh 20-70 million per year in royalties. His books are used in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and the rest of East Africa

18/09/2026

7 DANGEROUS MISTAKES YOUNG PASTORS MAKE
===============================

I have noticed that many ministries don't collapse because they lacked power.
They collapse because they are ignorant.
If your ministry is new, avoid these mistakes:

1. TRYING TO GROW TOO FAST

Many new ministries are obsessed with numbers, crowds and visibility. Growth is beautiful, but unhealthy growth can destroy a young ministry.

Some ministries want branches, media presence and large crowd before they even have stable structures, trained workers or even financial discipline.

2. PROMOTING PEOPLE TOO QUICKLY

One dangerous mistake is giving titles or positions before testing loyalty, maturity consistency and humility.

Some people are faithful for a few months and suddenly become leaders. Ministry leadership should not be based only on excitement or availability.

3. FIGHTING PEOPLE ONLINE

Some new ministries waste too much energy trying to defend themselves, argue, respond to critics, or prove points on social media.

Not every trending news deserves your attention. Not every attack deserves a response. Sometimes silence protects focus.

4. LACK OF FAITH IN THEIR UNIQUENESS

A ministry can lose its uniqueness by trying too hard to look like another ministry. Not every ministry is called to operate the same way.

You can admire grace without abandoning identity. Believe in your vision even if many people don't believe in it yet.

5. LACK OF MENTORSHIP

Many young ministries isolate themselves too early. Nobody can correct them. Nobody can advise them.

Isolation is dangerous in ministry. Even strong leaders need wise voices around them.

6. IGNORING THEIR FAMILIES

This is especially for the married. Some ministers sacrifice their homes while trying to grow their assignment.

A ministry that grows publicly while collapsing privately is not true success. Your spouse and children should not become victims of ministry.

7. POOR BOUNDARIES WITH MEMBERS

Boundaries protect both the leader and the people. Many early ministry scandals begin because boundaries were ignored.

Oversharing emotionally, late-night counseling without wisdom, unhealthy closeness, or lack of accountability can create serious

15/09/2026

BREAKING NEWS‼️

A man took an axe and a panga, he called his wife and 3 children aged between 12&18 into a bakkie🛻💔, he drove almost 30km away from home into thick bushes😭
He packed the car right where it's not visible to anyone 🥺 he then took out an axe and a panga💔 he then called his wife and children😥 then they walk like 5 minutes away from where the car was packed.😭😭😭

Then because he's a strong man he took an axe and gave the panga to his wife and kids, they started cutting down trees as the aim was to fill up a bakkie with firewood bacuase they don't wanna waste electricity.😊😌

01/07/2026

Acts 19 verses 14 plus
The book of Acts records that, in Ephesus, God was performing “extraordinary miracles through Paul” (Acts 19:11). These apostolic miracles were to substantiate Paul’s message. Some of these miracles involved casting out demons from those who were possessed (verse 12). Jesus had earlier given His apostles specific authority over demons (Mark 3:15). Paul, as an apostle, had received that authority as well (see 2 Corinthians 12:12).

There were some religious charlatans in Ephesus who pretended to have special, miracle-working powers. Sceva, who is identified as “a Jewish chief priest” (Acts 19:14), had seven sons “who went around driving out evil spirits” (verse 13). Seeing the success that Paul had in exorcising demons, the seven sons of Sceva began using a new formula invoking the name of Jesus. They would say to the demon, “In the name of the Jesus whom Paul preaches, I command you to come out” (verse 13).

This ploy of Sceva’s seven sons backfired one day. A demon they were trying to cast out refused, saying, “Jesus I know, and Paul I know about, but who are you?” (Acts 19:15). The demon then turned on them viciously. The demon-possessed man “jumped on them and overpowered them all. He gave them such a beating that they ran out of the house naked and bleeding” (verse 16). The seven sons of Sceva were no match for the demonic power they were toying with (see Mark 5:1–4).

The result of the demon’s attack on the seven sons of Sceva was that everyone in Ephesus was “seized with fear, and the name of the Lord Jesus was held in high honor” (Acts 19:17). In comparing the work of Paul with that of the seven sons of Sceva, the Ephesians could readily see the difference between the power of Christ and the impotency of pretenders. The gospel made great inroads into that city (verses 20 and 26).

We learn several things from the account of the seven sons of Sceva. First, demons are dangerously powerful spirit beings—much stronger than we—who can cause the people they possess to do incredibly violent and uncontrollable things. The seven sons of Sceva obviously didn’t have the proper respect for demons (see Jude 1:8–9). Second, demons recognize valid authority, and they fear God (see James 2:19). It’s important to note that the authority over demons belongs only to Jesus (see Luke 8:28, 31) and to those to whom Jesus gave it. The demon in Acts 19 says that it knows Jesus and Paul (one of Jesus’ chosen apostles). It refused to recognize any other authority in Ephesus. The demon’s question “who are you?” is chilling in its implications to the seven sons of Sceva and their total lack of authority. Third, demons cannot be cast out via a formula or a ritual or invoking Jesus’ name. There is no power in incantations, even if they include the name of Christ. The power belongs to Jesus alone. Probably the greatest mistake the seven sons of Sceva made was their failure to realize that Paul was not doing the exorcisms. Jesus Christ was doing the exorcisms through Paul.

The problem faced by the seven sons of Sceva was that they had no power over the demon they confronted. They were not apostles. More than that, as religious as they were, they had no relationship with God. They were not believers in Christ. They did not possess the power or the presence of the Holy Spirit. There was nothing in them or their words that would cause a demon to pay them the slightest heed. One proud demon in particular seems to have been fed up with their stage show and gave them a beating they would remember.

At one point in Jesus’ ministry, He sent out 70 disciples to whom He had given His authority over demons. When they came back to report to the Lord what had happened, they were excited about being able to exorcise evil spirits: “Lord, even the demons submit to us in your name” (Luke 10:17). Jesus immediately provided some perspective: “Do not rejoice that the spirits submit to you, but rejoice that your names are written in heaven” (verse 20). What is greater than authority over demons? Knowing God is your Father and heaven is your home.
May God five you power to perform things

Bible Questions Answered by GotQuestions.org! Fast and accurate answers to all your Bible Questions!

24/06/2026

DANIEL WAS NOT SAVED BECAUSE HE PRAYED! ✋🏼

Most Christians were taught that Daniel survived the lions' den because he prayed three times a day.

But that is not the main message of the story.

If prayer alone could stop lions, then every praying believer would never suffer persecution, imprisonment, or death.

So what is the real message hidden in Daniel's deliverance?

Let's dig deeper.
Daniel Chapter 6 tells us that Daniel was targeted by jealous men who could find no fault in him except concerning his relationship with God (Daniel 6:4-5).

The governors manipulated King Darius into signing a law that no one could make a petition to any god or man except the king for thirty days (Daniel 6:7-9).

Daniel knew the decree had been signed, yet he continued praying openly toward Jerusalem (Daniel 6:10).

Notice something important:

Daniel was not delivered from the den.

He was delivered IN the den.

God did not stop the conspiracy.
God did not stop the arrest.
God did not stop the trial.
God did not stop the sentence.

God met Daniel in the place of death.
That is where the Christ message begins to emerge.🙌🏼

THE CHRIST HIDDEN IN DANIEL'S DEN

📌 Daniel is a shadow pointing to Christ.
Just as Daniel was innocent, Jesus was innocent.

Daniel 6:4
"They could find none occasion nor fault..."

John 19:4
"I find no fault in him."

Daniel was betrayed by jealous leaders.
Jesus was delivered because of envy.
Mark 15:10

Daniel was condemned under an irreversible law.
Jesus was condemned under the demands of the Law.

Daniel was placed in a sealed den.
Jesus was placed in a sealed tomb.

Daniel 6:17
Matthew 27:66

A stone was rolled over Daniel's den.
A stone was rolled over Christ's tomb.

Daniel emerged alive from a place of death.
Jesus rose victorious from the grave.

Daniel's deliverance resulted in a decree honoring God throughout the empire.
Christ's resurrection resulted in the Gospel being proclaimed to all nations.

Daniel was a picture.
Jesus is the fulfillment.

THE ANGEL IN THE DEN

Daniel said in Daniel 6:22
"My God hath sent his angel, and hath shut the lions' mouths..."

Many Old Testament appearances of "the Angel of the Lord" reveal God's saving presence among His people.

Some scholars see this as another picture of Christ, the One who stands between God's people and destruction.

The same Christ who stood with Daniel would later enter humanity's greatest lion's den, death itself and conquer it for us.

📌 The greatest miracle in Daniel 6 is not that the lions didn't eat Daniel.

The greatest miracle is that Daniel remained faithful before he knew the outcome.‼️

Many believers today obey God because they expect protection.

Daniel obeyed God even if protection never came.

That sounds more like Jesus in Gethsemane than modern prosperity preaching.

Daniel never prayed because he had a guarantee of escape.⚠️
He prayed because God was worthy of worship.🙌🏼

There is a difference.

The story is not teaching>Serve God and no lions will come.

The story teaches thar Serve God because He is God, even when lions come.

LESSONS FOR HUMANITY

1️⃣ Integrity will often attract opposition.

Psalm 34:19
"Many are the afflictions of the righteous..."

2️⃣ Faithfulness is proven under pressure, not comfort.

James 1:2-4

3️⃣ God does not always remove the trial, but He promises His presence in it.

Isaiah 43:2

Hebrews 13:5

4️⃣ Human laws may oppose God's truth, but God's authority remains supreme.

Acts 5:29
"We ought to obey God rather than men."

5️⃣ Every believer's deliverance points ultimately to Christ's resurrection victory.

Romans 8:11
1 Corinthians 15:54-57

THE GOSPEL IN DANIEL'S DEN

The lions' den represents humanity's greatest enemy>death.

Daniel came out alive temporarily.
Jesus came out alive eternally.

Daniel escaped physical death.
Jesus defeated death itself.

Because Christ rose, every believer can face life's lions with confidence.

2 Timothy 1:10
"Who hath abolished death, and hath brought life and immortality to light through the gospel."

05/05/2026

D E S T I N Y H E L P E R S
(WASAIDIZI WA HATIMA)

SEHEMU YA KWANZA

Wasaidizi wa Hatima: Hawa ni watu ambao Mungu anawaleta katika maisha yako ili kukusaidia kuifikia hatima yako (ndoto zako / maono yako).

Ni watu ambao watakuja kwa lengo la kuhakikisha unafikia kusudi la wewe kuumbwa kwalo.

Unahitaji wasaidizi wa hatima kwasababu wanakazi kubwa sana, wana neema ya pekee, wana nguvu, wana nafasi kubwa.

Twende tujifunze leo kuhusu hawa watu👆🏿👆🏿
Unajua kwanini ni lazima uwe nao???

Sababu!!
°HAKUNA MTU YEYOTE DUNIANI AMBAYE ALIWEZA MAMBO PEKE YAKE.

Kwahiyo, wewe pekee hauwezi kufanya kwa kiwango ambacho unahitaji, hauwezi kufikia hatima yako kichwa kichwa (yaani ukijua wewe ndio wewe hakuna mwingine)

Ni kweli kabisa neema ya Mungu ipo juu yako, Ni kweli kabisa Mungu ndie atakaye kufanikisha lakini atakufanikisha kupitia watu.

Kwanini nasema wasaidizi wa hatima.?

Ni kwa sababu kuna wanaoweza kuua hatima pia (destiny killers).

Wauaji wa hatima ni akina nani au wapoje??

Ni watu ambao watakuja kwa lengo la kuua maendeleo yako, watakuja kuua Imani yako katika Mungu, watakuja kukuvunja moyo, watakuja kukuambia maneno ya kukukatisha tamaa kwamba wewe hautoweza kufanya lolote wala chochote, wataangalia historia ya familia yako k**a NUKUU halafu mwisho watakuainisha kwa historia hiyo ya nyuma wakisema k**a kwenu hamna aliyesoma hadi kufikia elimu ya chuo kikuu, sembuse wewe utaweza vipi.? k**a kwenu hamna mtu anayemiliki hata pikipiki sembuse wewe unayesema una ndoto za kumiliki nyumba ya kifahari na magari utaanzia wapi .?

Hao ndo wauaji wa ndoto zako 👆🏽👆🏽

Sasa, kwanini unahitaji wasaidizi wa hatima.?

Kwani hawa watu wana nini?

Hebu tuone baadhi ya hawa watu katika biblia kwa ushahidi zaidi.

Unahitaji watu wa hatima kwa sababu hauwezi kufanya peke yako k**a wao WALIOFANIKIWA maanake neema iliyoko juu yako haiwezi kukufanikisha pekee.

Mfano, umeomba mara ngapi juu ya tatizo ulilonalo, umefunga mara ngapi lakini alipokuja Mtumishi fulani mambo yalienda kwa namna ambayo hukutarajia.?

•Kuna watu wananiambia wanaweza peke yao, nikuambie tu hicho ni kiburi unahitaji watu maana hata ukisema unamuhitaji Mungu hawezi kutoka huko Mbinguni akaja duniani kukupa hicho unachokitaka ila unahitaji wasaidizi wa hatima.

Mwingine anasema Yesu amemwachia Roho Mtakatifu, ni kweli kabisa Roho Mtakatifu tunaye na ana nafasi katika maisha yetu ila unamuhitaji msaidizi wa hatima _Isaya 60;10-11_

Katika maisha yako Mungu akisema nenda ukawe mbarikiwa, uzao wako ukawe mkubwa, ukafanikiwe kwa viwango vingine unahisi ni ghafla tu mambo yatabadilika ukiwa umekaa ndani peke yako.?

Una amini zaidi katika maombi na kufunga pekee kwamba ndio njia pekee ya Mungu kukufanikisha, sijasema usifunge 😂😂 hapana we funga na kuomba sana lakini usiseme hauhitaji watu, wasaidizi wa hatima unawahitaji sana.

Mifano halisi kuhusu wasaidizi wa hatima.

Yesu mwenyewe alihitaji Msaidizi wa Hatima ambaye alikuwa Yohana Mbatizaji tena muda huo Yesu alikuwa Mwana wa Mungu sio k**a wewe 😅

Esta alihitaji msaidizi wa hatima kufikia ndoto yake ya kuwa Malkia (queen), msaidizi wake wa hatima alikuwa Mjomba wake Modekai, Soma kitabu Cha esta 2..

Msaidizi wa hatima anaweza kuwa mtu yeyote na sio k**a wewe unavyowaza labda awe na elimu kubwa au cheo kikubwa 😄😄

Uwezo ulionao haukutoshi, neema pekee haikutoshi kwasababu hata neema yenyewe inahitaji wasaidizi kwahiyo nawe pia unahitaji hawa wasaidizi.

Ibrahimu alikuwa baba wa Imani lakini alihitaji wasaidizi wa hatima (Eliazi) kitabu cha mwanzo ....

°Kwanzia leo hebu BADILISHA mtazamo wako kwani Mungu anabariki watu kupitia watu hivyo basi kubali kushirikiana na watu kwa namna chanya. Mungu amekupa watu k**a mtaji katika maisha yako.

✅ Mke wako uliyemzoea kila siku na unamchukulia kawaida anaweza kuwa msaidizi wa hatima yako, dada wa kazi ambaye unamdharau hapo nyumbani kwako, kaka wa kazi ambaye unamuona k**a ni house boy tu anaweza akawa msaidizi wako wa hatima.

Kumbuka:- Naamani yule aliyekuwa na ukoma, msaidizi wake wa hatima alikuwa mfanyakazi wake wa ndani (house girl).

✅ Musa alikuwa Mtumishi wa Mungu hatari k**a wewe unavyosema wewe ni Mtumishi wa Mungu lakini ilifika mahali alihitaji msaada wa msaidizi wa hatima (Haruni) Kutoka 3...

HAPA NIKIKUMBUKA NAZIDI KUNYENYEKEA HATA NIWE NA ELIMU KUBWA KULIKO WANAO NIZUNGUKA BASI NITANYENYEKEA 🛐 HATA NIWE NA PESA NYINGI KULIKO NDUGU NA MARAFIKI ZANGU BADO NITANYENYEKEA 🛐 KWA SABABU PESA ZANGU SIO KILA KITU BALI NAHITAJI WATU...Shalooooom

Ninakuombea Mungu akupe Wasaidizi wa Hatima.

:::::(MUNGU WA MBINGUNI AWAELEKEZE WATU HAWA KWAKO, YULE MUNGU AJIBUYE MAOMBI YETU AKUJIBU WEWE KWA HABARI YA WASAIDIZI WA HATIMA ILI UWEZE KUYAFIKIA MALENGO YAKO / NDOTO ZAKO.

SEHEMU YA PILI ITAENDELEA

01/05/2026

Qualities Of Those Who Carry The Glory Of God || Rev Essolom Karanja
✅Glory means the weight of God/ the fullness of who Jesus Christ is, His character and His divine nature.
✅Divine rest accompanies the presence of God. Exodus 33:14
✅There is a secret behind experiencing the glory of God/ encountering God and knowing Him at a personal level. Exodus 33:18
✅You must learn the art of beholding and when you gaze on Christ nature will shift a person's identity and life to reflect Him. 2 Corinthians 3:18
✅The more you behold the more you become.
✅When you spend time in the presence of God you become more like Him.
✅The glory of God comes with power. 2 Timothy 3:5
✅It is through the glory of God that you can have encounters with God and as a result of those encounters your life will be transformed. Matthew 17:4
Qualities of those who carry the glory of God:
1. They value intimacy with God. They have close personal and consistent relationship with God.
✅When you have an intimate relationship with God you will value your relationship with Him such that you will spend more time in His presence as you behold ,you become.
✅They have a special hunger for God's presence. Matthew 5:6 (MSG)
✅Hunger and thirst is a spiritual currency. If you are not hungry or thirsty you cannot receive anything from God.
✅If you have no appetite for God you are spiritually sick.
✅Hunger for God will determine your spiritual growth.
✅Hunger for God will lead you to encounter Him. Acts 13:22
2. They have a contrite and a broken heart. Psalm 51:17 (NIV), Numbers 12:3
✅When the glory comes you have to die to self.
3. They spend more time with God.
✅Spending time with God means intentionally recognising that He is near and you spend quality time Him and what you receive from Him cannot be taken away. Luke 10:38-42
4. Glory carriers live a life of purity.
✅ The deeper the level of consecration and holiness in a believer's life the greater the authority and capacity to host and reflect God's glory.

01/05/2026

TOPIC: *THE REASONS WHY YOU MUST HONOR YOUR PASTOR*

Honoring your pastor is not about worshiping a man — it is about respecting the office and the grace of God upon his life. The Bible says, “Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour…” (1 Timothy 5:17).
Here are important reasons you must honor your pastor:

1. Because He Is God’s Servant
Your pastor is called and appointed by God to shepherd His people (Jeremiah 3:15).
When you honor your pastor, you are honoring God who sent him.
Jesus said, “He that receives you receives me…” (Matthew 10:40).

2. Because He Watches Over Your Soul
Hebrews 13:17 says your pastor watches for your soul as one who must give account.
He prays for you, counsels you, and stands in spiritual battles for you.
That spiritual responsibility deserves honor.

3. To Access the Grace Upon His Life
There is grace upon every true pastor — grace for:
Teaching
Leadership
Spiritual covering
Breakthrough
Honor positions you to receive from that grace (Romans 13:7).

4. It Brings Blessing to You
The principle of honor attracts reward.
Jesus said, “He that receives a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a prophet’s reward” (Matthew 10:41).
When you honor your pastor, you partake in his reward.

5. It Promotes Unity in the Church
Dishonor breeds:
Rebellion
Gossip
Division
Honor creates:
Peace
Stability
Cooperation
A church that honors its leadership grows stronger.

6. It Protects You Spiritually
Many people fall spiritually after they begin to criticize or dishonor their pastor.
The spirit of dishonor hardens the heart and blocks spiritual growth.
Honor keeps your heart humble and teachable.

7. It Sets an Example for Others
When you show respect:
Younger believers learn from you
The culture of the church improves
Leadership becomes easier
Honor spreads.

8. Because Leadership Is a Heavy Burden
Pastors carry:
The pain of members
Church pressures
Financial challenges
Spiritual warfare.,.

22/04/2026

Whoever gets it right and airtime of 50bob....
Anyway good morning....prophesy is when there is dryness and desert for 1year and you proclaim rain on that particular day without clouds.