11/05/2026
How Many Containers in the Lord’s Supper Cup?
Some division has plagued churches over the meaning and use of the word “cup” when Jesus talked about taking “this cup” as He instituted the Lord’s Supper out from the old Passover meal. Was Jesus telling His disciples to use only one container among them, and that even when they suddenly grew into 3000 and more disciples in Jerusalem on Pentecost, they were to all make sure that they all shared drinking the fruit of the vine from a single container? Was Jesus talking about the container or the content of fruit of the vine?
One Content or One Container?
First, Paul mentioned “this cup” and “drink it” (1 Cor.11:25). Was he saying to drink the content or drink the container? We never drink a container. I don’t believe it can be done. When we drink “it”, we are drinking the fruit of the vine. That fruit of the vine may be divided into several containers, but it is still one cup.
Secondly, Paul said, “drink this cup” (1 Cor.11:26). He was in Ephesus when he wrote to the Corinthian church. Were they to get the container Paul was using in Ephesus and bring it to Corinth so that they could drink from the container Paul was holding? He said drink THIS cup, not THAT cup you have in Corinth. Obviously, the church at Ephesus and the church at Corinth were drinking from the SAME cup (fruit of the vine), but not the same container.
Third, Matthew records that Jesus “took the cup…and gave IT to them” (Matt.26:27). Was THE cup a reference to the container or the content (fruit of the vine)? From Luke’s account “He took the cup….and said, ‘Take this, and divide it among yourselves” (Luke 22:17). Were they to divide a container? Break a container into pieces and give each disciple a piece of a broken container? No! They had their own containers from the Passover feast, and Jesus was telling them to divide the fruit of the vine among themselves by pouring it out into their various containers. So, “cup” is used by metonymy to mean the content, namely, the fruit of the vine.
Insisting on a single container is not what Jesus was doing. Insisting on the common drink of the fruit of the vine as the cup is clearly what Jesus was calling for, and that is how Paul could be drinking the same cup in Ephesus as the Corinthians were drinking in Corinth.
Several Cups versus One Cup
When we consider what several cups would look like in context of the Lord’s Supper, it would look more like this. Several different cups would be: water, cola, milk, coffee, tea, grape juice, apple juice, tomato juice, etc. That would be several different cups. If we divide these among ourselves, we do not partake of the same cup. However, in context of the Lord’s Supper, we do use one cup, namely, only the fruit of the vine. We can divide this among ourselves and it is always one cup. We can have brethren in Ephesus and Corinth and even across centuries to different locations still dividing among all that one cup, and it remains one cup no matter how many containers are used to divide it out. It is really a poorly thought out argument to insist that Jesus was making the container a third essential element of the Lord’s Supper. The container is only an expediency in holding the fruit of the vine. There is no symbolism in the container and there is no evidence that the disciples divided the container among themselves. They had their own individual containers and divided out the content of fruit of the vine into their individual containers.
If “the cup” means the container: 1) We must divide that one container among ourselves. Our one-cup brethren never do that. 2) We must insist that people take a chunk of wood out of “THE Table” in order to “partake of the Lord’s table” (1 Cor.10:21). If not, why not? Why would “the cup” be literal but partaking of the table would not be literal? In all my years of dealing with this issue, I have never gotten a straight answer from the brethren that insist on using one container in the Lord’s Supper. The fruit of the vine is the one cup that is shared by brethren all over the world, and there was never any significance attached to the containers used by the various disciples, and we do not allow someone to insist on one container, just one common content, the fruit of the vine. Do not be deceived! -Terry Wane Benton