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Da'wah mission association, Accra (2026)

03/12/2023

Salaamu Alaikum brothers and sisters in Islam
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18/10/2022

Part 2 of the six periods of the creation

(Qur'an 32:5 ) in a period of time whereof the measure is a thousand years of your Reckoning." (It is to be noted that the creation in six periods is precisely what the verse preceding verse 5 refers (Qur'an 70:4) in a period of time whereof the measure is 50,000 years

The fact that the word yaum could mean a period of time that was quite different from the period that we mean by the word 'day' struck very early commentators who of course, did not have the knowledge we possess today concerning the length of the stages in formation of the universe.
In the sixteenth century A.D.for example, Abu al suud
Who could not have had any idea of the day as defined astronomically in terms of the earth's rotation, thought that for the creation a division must be considered that was not into days as we usually understand the word but into ' events ' ( in Arabic nauba)

Morden commentators have gone back to this interpretation.
Yusuf Ali (1934) in his commentary on each of the verses that deals with the stage in the creation, Insists on the importance of taking the word, elsewhere interpreted as meaning 'day' to means in reality very long period, Or ages,or Aeons'.

It is therefore possible to see that in the case of the creation of the world, the Quran allows for a long period of time numbered six. it is obvious that modern science has not permitted man to establish the fact that the complicated stages in the process leading to the formation of the universe numbered six, but it has clearly showing that long periods of time were involved compared to which days as we conceive them would be ridiculous.
One of the longest passages of the Quran which deals with the creation describes the letter by juxtaposing an account of earthly event and one of celestial event the verse in question are verses 9 to 12 of Sura 41:
(God is speaking to the prophet)
do you disable in him who created the earth in two periods? do you ascribe equals to him. he is the lord of the worlds.
He set in the earth mountains standing firm he blessed it he measured therein its sustenance in four periods in due proportion,in accordance with the needs of those who ask for (sustenance or information) moreover he turned to heaven when it was smoke and said to it and to the earth: come willingly or unwillingly they said we come in willing obedience.
Then he ordained them seven heavens in two periods and he assigned to each heaven it mandate by revelation and we adorned the lower heaven with luminaries and provided it a guard. such is the decree of the almighty, the full of knowledge."

These four verses of surah 41 contains several points to which we shall return the initially gaseous state of celestial matter and highly symbolic definition of the number of heavens as seven. we shall see the meaning behind the figure. also of a symbolic nature is the dialogue between god on the one hand and the primordial sky and earth on the other: here however it is only to express the submission of the heavens and earth,once they were formed, to Divine orders.

critics have seen in this passage a contradiction with the statement of the six periods of The creation. by adding the two periods of the formation of the earth to the four periods of the spreading of its sustenance to the inhabitants, plus the two periods of the formation of the heavens,we arrive at eight periods. this would then then be in contradiction with the six periods mentioned above.

in fact however, this text which leads man to reflect on divine omnipotence, beginning with the earth and ending with the heavens, provides two sections that are expressed by the Arabic word tumma translated by moreover but which also means furthermore or then.' the sense of a sequence may therefore be implied referring to a sequence of events or a series of man's reflection and events mentioned here. it may equally be a simple references of event juxtaposed without any intention of bringing in the notion of the one following the other. however it may be, the periods of the creation of the heavens may just as easily coincide with the two periods of the earth's creation. A little later we shall examined how the basic process of the formation of the universe is presented in the Quran and we shall see how it can be jointly applied to the heavens and earth in keeping the modern ideas we shall then realize how perfectly reasonable this way is of conceiving the simultaneous nature of the event here described.
There does not appear to be any contradiction between the passage quoted here and the concept of the formation of the world in six stages that is to be found in other text in the Quran.

THE QURAN DOES NOT LAY DOWN A SEQUENCE FOR THE CREATION OF THE EARTH AND HEAVENS

In the two passages from the Quran quoted above references was made in one of the verses to the creation of the heavens and earth surah 7 verse 54 and elsewhere to the creation of the earth and the heavens surah 41 verse 9 to 12 the Quran does not therefore appear to lay down a sequence for the creation of the heavens and earth.
The number of verses in which the earth is mentioned first is quite small e.g. surah 2 verse 29 surah 20 verse 4 where a reference is made to
Him who created the earth and high heavens the number of verse where the heavens are mentioned before the earth is on the other hand march large ( surah 7 vs 54 Surat 10vs 3 Sura 11 vs 7 Sura 25 vs 59 Sura 32 vs 4 Sura 50 vs 38 sura 57 vs 4 Sura 79 vs 27 to 33 surah 91 verse 5 to 10)
In actual fact, apart from surah 79 there is not a single passage in the Quran that lays down a definite sequence; a simple coordinating conjunction (wa) meaning and links two terms or the word tumma which as has been seen in the above passage can indicate either a simple juxtaposition or a sequence.

There appears to me to be only one passage in the Quran where definite sequence is plainly established between different event in The creation it is contained in verse 27 to 33 surah 79:

Are you the harder to create or is it the heavens that God built he raised it canopy and fashioned it with harmony. he made dark the night and he brought out the forenoon and after that he spread it out therefrom he draw out its water and it's posture. and the mountains he has fixed firmly. goods for you and your cattles.
This list of earthly gifts from God to man which is expressed in a language suited to farmers or nomads on the Arabian peninsula is preceded by an invitation to reflect on the creation of the heavens. the reference to the stage when God spread out the earth and render it arable is very precisely situated in time after the alternating of night and day has been achieved. two groups are therefore referred to here,one of celestial phenomena and other of earthly phenomena articulated in time. the reference made here implies that the earth must necessarily have existed before being spread out and that consequently existed when God created heavens. the idea of a concomitance therefore arise from the heavenly and earth evolution with the interlocking of the two phenomena hence, one must not look for any special significance in the Quranic text to the creation of the earth before for the heavens or the heaven's before the earth the position of the words does not influence the order in which the creation took place unless however it is specially stated.

04/10/2022

Very educative

03/10/2022

Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
In the name of God the most gracious the most merciful

The the Quran and science

Topic

The creation of the heavens and the earth

In contrast to the old testament the Quran does not provide a unified description of the creation instead of a continuous narration, there are passages scattered all over the book which deal with certain aspects of the creation and provide information on the successive events marking each development with varying degree of detail.to gain a clear idea of how this event has presented the fragments scattered throughout a large number of suras have to be brought together.

This dispersal throughout the book of references to the same subject is not unique to the theme of the creation many important subjects are treated in the same manner in the Quran earthly or celestial phenomena, or problems concerning man that are of interest to scientists for each of these themes, the same effort has been made here to bring all the verses together.

For many Europeans commentators, the description of the cremation in the Quran is very similar to the one in the Bible and they are quite content to present the two descriptions side-by-side I believe this concept is mistaken because they are very obvious differences on subject that are by no means unimportant from a scientific point of view, we find statements in the Quran whose equivalents we search for in vain in the Bible the letter contains descriptions that have no equivalent in the Quran.
The obvious resemblance between the two text are well-known; among them is the fact that at first glance the number given to the successive stage of the creation is identical: the six days in the Bible correspond to the six days in the Qur'an. in fact however the problem is more complex than this and it is worth pushing to examine it.

THE SIX PERIODS OF THE CREATION
There is absolutely no ambiguity whatsoever in the biblical description of the creation in six days followed by a day of rest the Sabbath, along analogues with the days of the week it has been shown how this mode of narration practiced by the priest of the sixth century BC serve the purpose of encouraging the people to observe the Sabbath. All Jews were expected to rest on the Sabbath as the lord has done after he had Labour during the six days of the week.

the way Bible interprets it, the word day means the interval of time between two successive sunrise or sunset for an inhabitant of the earth, when denned in this way the day is conditioned by the rotation of the earth on its own axis. it is obvious that logically speaking there can be no question of days as defined just now, if the mechanism that causes them to appear the existence of the earth and it's rotation around the sun has not already been fixed in the early stages of the creation according to the biblical description the impossibility has already been emphasized in the first part.
When we refer to the majority of translations of the Quran, we read that analogues with the biblical description the process of the creation for the Islamic revelation also took place over a period of six days. it is difficult to hold against the translators the fact that they have translated the Arabic word by its most common meaning. this is how it is usually expressed in translation so that in the Quran, 54 surah 7 read as follows;
your lord is God who created the heavens and the
earth in six days

There are very few translations and commentaries of the Quran that note how the word days should really be taken to mean periods. It has moreover been maintained that if the Qur'an text on the creation divided its stages into days, it was with the deliberate intention of taking up beliefs held by all the Jews and Christians at the down of Islam and of avoiding a head-on confrontation with such a widely held belief.

Without in any way wishing to reject his way of seeing it one could perhaps examine the problem a little more closely and scrutinize in the Quran itself, and more generally in the language of the time, the possible meaning of the word that many translators themselves still continue to translate by the word day': yaum, plural ayyam in Arabic.

It's most common meaning is day but it must be stressed that I tends more to mean the diurnal light than the length of time that lapse between one days sunset and the next. the plural ayyam can mean, not just day but also long length of time and definite period of time but always long the meaning period of time that the word contain is to be found elsewhere in the Quran has the following:

To be continue may God bless all of us and have mercy upon gone souls
assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

02/10/2022

Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

Bismillahi Rahman nir raheem
Alhamdu lillahi rabbil al-amin

Part 2 of the authenticity of the Quran

The sources all agree in starting that whenever a fragment of the Quran was revealed, the prophet called one of his literate companions and dictated it to him, indicating at the same time the exact position of the new fragment in the fabric of what had already been received.... descriptions notes that Muhammad asked describe to reread to him what had been dictated so that he could correct any deficiencies ...
Another famous story tells how every year in the month of Ramadan the prophet would recite the whole of the Quran (so far revealed) to Gabriel that in the Ramadan proceeding Muhammad's death, Gabriel had made him recite it twice it is known how since the prophet's time Muslims acquired the habit of keeping vigil during Ramadan and of reciting the whole of the Quran in addition to the usual prayers expected of them several sauce add that Muhammad scribe Zaid was present at this final bringing together of the texts. elsewhere numerous other personalities are mentioned as well."
Extremely diverse materials were used for this first record parchment, leather, wooden, tablets, camels' scapula, soft stone for inscription, etc.
At the same time however, Muhammad recommended that the faithful learn the Qur'an by heart. they did this for a part if not all of the test recited during prayers. Thus there were hafizun who knew the whole of the Qur'an by heart and spread it abroad. the method of doubly preserving the test both in written and by memorization provided to be extremely precious.

not long after the prophet's death (632 )his successor abubakar the first caliph of Islam ask Mohammed former head scribe Zaid ibn thabits to make a copy this he did on umar's initiative ( the future second caliph) zaid consulted all the information he could assemble at Medina the witness of the hafizun. copies of the book written on various materials belonging to private individuals all with the object of avoiding possible errors in transcription. thus an extremely faithful copy of the book was obtained.

The sources tell us that khalifa Umar, Abubakar successor in 634, subsequently made a single volume that he preserved it and gave on his death to his daughter hafsa, the prophets widow.

the third khalifa of Islam, uthman, who held the caliphate from 644 to 655 entrusted commission of experts with the preparation of the great recession that bears his name.it checked the authenticity of the document produced under abubakar which had remained in hafsa's possession until that time. the commission's consulted Muslims who knew the text by heart. the critical analysis of the authenticity of the text was carried out very rigorously.the agreement of the witnesses was deemed necessary before the slightest verse containing the debatable material was retained. it is indeed known how some verses of the Quran correct others in the case of prescription this may be readily explained when one remembers that the prophet's period of apostolic activity stretched over 20 years (in round figure) the result is a text containing an order of surahs that reflects the other followed by the prophet in his complete recital of the Quran during Ramadan, as mentioned above.

One might perhaps that the motive that led the first three khalifa's especially uthman, to commissions collections and recension of the text. the reasons are in fact very simple Islam's expansion in the very first decades following Muhammad's death was very rapid indeed it happened among peoples whose native language was not Arabic. it was absolutely necessary to ensure the spread of a text that retain its original purity: uthman recension had this as its objective

Uthman sent copies of the text of the recensions to the centers of the Islamic empire and that is why, according to professor hamdullah copies attributed to Uthman exist in Tashkent and Istanbul. apart from one or two possible mistakes in copying, the oldest documents known to the present day, that are to be found throughout the Islamic world, are identical the same is true for documents preserved in Europe (there are frequent in the Bibliotheque in Paris which according to the expert date from the 8th and 9th centuries A.D the second and third hegirain centuries) the numerous ancient texts that are known to be in existence all agree except for very minor variations which do not change the general meaning of the text at all. if the context sometimes allows more than one interpretation, it may well have to do with the fact that ancient writing was simpler than that of the present day.

the 114 surahs where are range in decreasing order of length; there were nevertheless exception. the chronological sequence of the Revelation was not followed. in the majority of cases however this sequence is known. A large number of descriptions are mentioned at several points in the text sometimes giving rise to repetition. very frequently a passage will add details to a description that appears elsewhere in an incomplete form.everything connected with modern science is, like many subjects dealt with in the Quran,scattered throughout the book without any semblance of clarification.

01/10/2022

Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

Bismillah Rahman Rahim

The part 2 of the Quran and science

Topic
Authenticity of the Quran how it came to be written

Thanks to its undisputed authenticity, the thirst of the Quran holds the unique place among the books of revelation, shared neither by the old nor the New testament.
In the first two sessions of this work a review was made of the oscillation undergone by the old testament and the gospel before they were handed down to us in the form we know today. The same is not true for the Quran for the simple reason that it was written down at the time of the prophet: we shall see how it came to be written the process involved
In this context the differences separating the Koran from the Bible are in two-way due to questions essentially concerned with date. Such questions are constantly put forward by certain people without regard to the circumstances prevailing at the time when the Judeo-Christian and the Quranic revelation were written: they have an echo disregard for the circumstances surrounding the transmission of the Quran to the prophet it is suggested that seventh century test had more likelihood of coming down to us unlettered than other text that are as many as fifteen centuries older. This comments although corrects, does not constitute a sufficient reason it is made more to excuse the alteration made in the judeo-christian test in the cause of centuries than to underline the nation that the text of the Quran which was more recent had less to fear from being modified by Man.
In the case of the old testament the sheer number of authors who tell the same story, plus all the revision carried out on the test of certain books from the pre-christian era,constitute as many reasons for inaccuracy and contradiction. As for the gospel nobody can claim that they invariably contain faithful account of Jesus words or a description of this action strictly in keeping with reality. we have seen how successive versions of the tests showed a lack of definite authenticity and moreover that their authors were not eyewitnesses. Also to be underline in the distinction to be made between the Quran, the book of written revelation and the hadiths, collection of statements concerning the actions and sayings of Mohammed. some of the prophet's companions started to write them down from the moment of his death. as an element of human error could have slipped in, the collection had to be resumed later and subjected to rigorous criticism so that the greatest credit is in practice given to a document that came along after Muhammad. their authenticity varies,like that of the gospel not a single gospel was written down at the time of Jesus t(hey were all written long after his earthly mission had come to an end ),and not a single collection of hadiths was compiled during the time of the prophet.
The situation is very different from the Quran. as the revelation progressed, the prophet and the believers following him recited the test by heart and it was also written down by the scribes in his following, it therefore starts off with two element of authenticity that the gospel do not possess. This continued up to the prophet's death.At a time when not everybody could write, but everyone was able to recite, recitation afforded a considerable advantage because of the double- checking possible when the infinitive test was compiled.
The Quranic revelation was made by archangel Gabriel to Mohammed. it took place over a period of more than 20 years of the prophet's life, beginning with the first verses of surah 96 then resuming after a 3 years break for a long period of 20 years up to the death of prophet in 632 A.D 10 years before hegira and ten years after Hegira.
the following was the first revelation (surah 96 verse 1-5)
1 Read in the name of the lord who created 2 who created man from something which clings 3 read the lord is the most noble 4 who taught by the pen 5 who taught man what he did not know
Professor hamidullah notes in the introduction to his French translation of the Qur'an that one of the terms of this first revelation was the praise of the pen as a means of human knowledge which would explain the prophet's concern for the preservation of the Quran in written.
Test formally prove at long before the prophet left makka for Medina the Quranic test so far revealed had been written down. we shall see how the Quran is authentic in this.we know that Muhammad and the believers who surrounded him were accustomed to recite the revealed test from memory. it is therefore inconceivable for the Quran to refer to fact that they did not square with reality because the letter could so easily be check with people in the prophet's following, by asking the authors of the transcription.

Four suras dating from a period prior to Hegira refer to the written down of the Quran before the prophet left Makkah in 622 A.D (Sura 80 verse 11-16)

( 11)By no means indeed it is a message of instruction(12) therefore whoever wills should remember (13l on leaves held in honour (14) exalted, purified (15)in the hands of scribes (16)noble and pious

Yusuf Ali in the commentary to his translation and 1934 root that when the revelation of this surah was made 42 or 55 others had been written and were kept by Muslims in Makkah (out of total of 114 )

Sura 85 verse 21 and 22 may this is a glorious reading on a preserved tablet
surah 56 verse 77 to 80 (77)this is a glorious reading (78)in a book well-kept (79which none but the purified teach (80)this is a revelation from the lord of the worlds
surah 25 was 5 they said the tales of the ancients which he has caused to be written and they are dictated to him morning and evening .

Here we have reference to the accusation made by the prophets enemies who treated him as an imposter they spread the rumour the stories of antiquity were being dictated to him and he was writing them down or having them transcribe (the meaning of the word is debatable but one must remember that Muhammad was illiterate) however this may be the verse refers to this act of making a written record which is pointed out by Mohammed enemies themselves.

A surah that came after Hegira makes one last mention of the leaves on which these divine instructions were written:
Surah 98 verse 2 and 3 (2) an apostle from God recites leaves (3)kept pure where are decrees right and straight

The Quran itself before provides indications as to the fact that it was set down in written at the time of the prophet. it is a known fact that there were several scribes in his following, the most famous of whom Zaid ibn thabit,has left his name to posterity
In the preface to his French translation of the Quran 1971 professor hamdillah gives an excellent description of the conditions that prevailed when the test of the Quran was written, lasting up until the time of the prophet's death

To be continue may God bless all of us share for others to benefit from it thank you all assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

28/09/2022

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