21/07/2026
FANATICISM — WHERE DOES IT BEGIN, AND WHERE DOES IT END?
Let us delve into something that we often see around us, yet sometimes fail to recognize in ourselves: fanaticism. When does fanaticism begin? And more importantly, where does it end?
I believe fanaticism does not begin simply because a person has a strong belief. It begins when conviction becomes more important than truth. At first, it may sound completely harmless: "I believe this is true." Then it becomes: "I am certain this is true." Then: "Anyone who disagrees with me is wrong." Then it progresses to: "Anyone who disagrees with me is bad." And eventually:
"Because I am right, I am justified in doing whatever is necessary against those who oppose me."
That, my friends, is where fanaticism becomes dangerous.
Fanaticism does not necessarily begin with passion. It begins with the loss of intellectual humility—the inability or unwillingness to consider that perhaps our own understanding may be incomplete, or even mistaken.
And where does fanaticism end?
It ends when the person reaches the point where the cause becomes more valuable than the human being.
At its mildest, fanaticism may simply appear as: refusing to listen to opposing views, constantly defending one's position, regardless of evidence, treating disagreement as a personal attack and seeing everything through only one ideological lens.
But when it becomes extreme, it can lead to: dehumanizing opponents, justifying cruelty, suppressing dissent, persecution, violence, terrorism, religious wars, political extremism, even cult-like obedience. And at its most dangerous point, the thinking becomes: "My cause is so sacred that anything I do in its name is justified." That, I believe, is the most dangerous form of fanaticism.
Now, let us remember something important: Fanaticism is not exclusive to religion. We can find it everywhere.
Religious fanaticism: "My interpretation of God is the only possible truth."
Political fanaticism: "My political side is always right; the other side is always evil."
Nationalistic fanaticism: "My country is superior, and anyone who criticizes it is a traitor."
Ideological fanaticism: "Anyone who questions this ideology is ignorant, stupid, or malicious."
Personality-cult fanaticism: "My leader cannot be wrong."
Even in the intellectual and scientific world, fanaticism can appear when people refuse to examine evidence that challenges what they already believe. And, of course, we have social-media fanaticism, where people become so emotionally attached to a cause, ideology, religion, or personality that anyone who questions it is immediately attacked.
So, fanaticism is fundamentally a psychological pattern. It is not merely a religious problem or a political problem. And perhaps we can understand it through this progression:
Belief → "I believe this."
Conviction → "I strongly believe this."
Passion → "I care deeply about this."
Zeal → "I will work hard for this."
Dogmatism → "I refuse to consider that I might be wrong."
Fanaticism → "My belief is more important than truth, reason, or people."
Extremism → "I am willing to go to extreme lengths to impose or defend my belief."
Violent fanaticism → "I am willing to harm others for my cause."
The boundaries may not always be perfectly clear, but this progression helps us understand how something that begins as a sincere belief can gradually become something dangerous. And here is the part that I believe we should all seriously think about: Fanaticism does not necessarily begin with a bad belief. A person may begin with something genuinely good. Faith in God, love of country, the pursuit of justice, the defense of freedom, desire for equality, the search for truth. All of these can be noble things. But even a noble belief can become dangerous when the person begins to think: "Because I believe I possess the truth, there can be no other truth. Everything that does not align with the belief I have adopted must therefore be a lie." And once a person reaches that point, there is no longer any room for examination, reflection, or correction. The mind has closed itself to the possibility that it may have misunderstood something. This, to me, is at the very heart of fanaticism.
A truly committed person can say: "I strongly believe this, but I am willing to examine my belief."
A fanatic says: "I strongly believe this, therefore I refuse to examine it."
There is a profound difference between the two. One is committed to the truth. The other is committed to being right.
And perhaps the greatest safeguard against fanaticism is humility—the recognition that even when we are sincerely seeking truth, we may still misunderstand it. So perhaps the question we should all ask ourselves is not simply: "Am I passionate about what I believe?"
But rather: "Am I still willing to listen?" "Am I still willing to examine my own beliefs?" "Am I willing to admit when I am wrong?" "Do I value truth more than winning an argument?"
And perhaps most importantly: "Have I reached the point where I consider those who disagree with me to be my enemies?"
Because the moment we stop seeking truth and start protecting our identity, our pride, our group, our leader, or our ideology at all costs, we may already be walking toward fanaticism without even realizing it.
Let us therefore hold our convictions firmly—but hold our pride loosely.
Let us defend what we believe—but never stop examining why we believe it.
Let us have passion—but never lose reason.
Let us have zeal—but never lose compassion.
And above all, let us seek truth with humility.
Because the moment our belief becomes more important than truth, and our cause becomes more valuable than people, fanaticism has already begun. And when fanaticism is no longer willing to question itself, it inevitably evolves into FANATICULTISM—where belief becomes absolute, questioning becomes forbidden, dissent becomes disloyalty, and the followers no longer defend the truth but instead defend the belief system itself, even its leader, whatever the cost.
And once we reach the point where we believe that anything is justified because we believe we are right, we should pause and ask ourselves:
Are we still defending the truth—or are we simply defending ourselves?
— gromelian