08/24/2026
HOMILY VS SERMON
What Is the Difference?
Many Catholics use the words “homily” and “sermon” as though they mean exactly the same thing. And in ordinary conversation, people will often understand what you mean either way.
But within Catholic liturgical language, there is an important distinction.
A homily is not simply any religious speech given by a priest. It has a particular place and purpose within the Church’s liturgy.
So what exactly makes a homily different from a sermon?
1. WHAT IS A SERMON?
The word “sermon” is a broad term for preaching or a religious discourse intended to instruct, exhort or encourage people in the faith.
A sermon may explain Scripture, teach Christian doctrine, address a moral issue, encourage conversion or develop a particular spiritual theme.
In other words, sermon describes the broader activity of preaching.
A priest, deacon or other authorised preacher may give a sermon in various circumstances outside the specific context of the homily.
This is why it is possible to speak about preaching a sermon without referring to the homily at Mass.
2. THEN WHAT IS A HOMILY?
A homily is a specific form of preaching that is connected to the liturgy.
The General Instruction of the Roman Missal states that the homily is “part of the Liturgy” and should ordinarily explain some aspect of the Scripture readings or another liturgical text of the day, taking into account the mystery being celebrated and the needs of the listeners.
So when the priest or deacon preaches after the Gospel at Mass, he is not simply giving a religious speech.
He is preaching within the celebration of the sacred mysteries.
The Word of God that has just been proclaimed is being opened up so that the faithful can understand it more deeply and apply it to their Christian life.
3. SO IS EVERY SERMON A HOMILY?
No.
This is perhaps the simplest way to remember the distinction.
*A sermon is a broader form of preaching.
*A homily is preaching specifically connected with the liturgical celebration and its Scripture, prayers and mystery.
The Church’s Homiletic Directory makes this distinction particularly clear. It explains that the homily is not simply a sermon on an abstract topic unrelated to the particular liturgical celebration. It should arise from the Word of God and the mystery being celebrated.
Therefore, if a priest gives a talk on Christian marriage at a parish conference, that can properly be called a sermon or religious talk.
But when he preaches within the Mass and opens up the readings and mystery being celebrated, we call this a homily.
4. WHY IS THE HOMILY PART OF THE MASS?
This is where the distinction becomes especially important.
The homily belongs to the Liturgy of the Word.
The Mass does not simply consist of Scripture being read and then the priest giving an unrelated speech.
The readings proclaim God’s Word. The homily helps the faithful understand that Word in relation to the mystery being celebrated and to their lives. The Creed and Prayer of the Faithful then follow as the community responds to the Word it has received.
The Church therefore considers the homily necessary for the nourishment of Christian life and requires it at Sunday and holy-day Masses with a congregation, except for a serious reason.
That is why the homily is much more than a motivational speech inserted into the Mass.
It belongs to the liturgical action itself.
5. WHAT SHOULD A HOMILY ACTUALLY DO?
A good homily should help us encounter the Word of God as something living and relevant to the mystery being celebrated.
It can explain Scripture.
It can teach Catholic doctrine.
It can challenge our behaviour.
It can encourage conversion.
It can speak to the circumstances of the people listening.
But all of these should serve the central purpose of the homily rather than replace it.
The Homiletic Directory specifically warns against turning the homily into merely an abstract topical speech, an extended Bible lecture, a catechetical class or simply the preacher’s personal story. These things can have a place, but the homily must remain connected to the liturgical celebration.
So the question is not simply:
“Was something religious preached?”
The better question is:
“How does this preaching arise from the Word and mystery we are celebrating?”
6. WHO MAY GIVE THE HOMILY AT MASS?
There is also an important distinction here.
Under the Church’s law, the homily within the liturgy is reserved to a priest or deacon. Canon 767 §1 calls the homily a preeminent form of preaching and states that it is part of the liturgy itself.
This does not mean that lay Catholics cannot teach, evangelise, give talks or preach in circumstances where Church law permits it.
It means that the homily during the celebration of Mass has a particular liturgical character and is entrusted to an ordained minister.
7. THE SIMPLEST WAY TO REMEMBER IT
Think of it this way:
SERMON = a broad term for preaching.
HOMILY = a specific form of preaching within the liturgy, especially connected with the Scripture and mystery being celebrated.
So while people may casually use the two words interchangeably, they are not exactly interchangeable in Catholic liturgical terminology.
A homily is a form of preaching.
But not every sermon is a homily.
And the reason the distinction matters is that the homily is not merely something the priest says during Mass.
It is part of the Church’s worship.
The next time you hear the priest say, “A reading from the Holy Gospel…” and later step forward to explain what you have just heard, remember:
He is not simply giving a speech.
The Church is opening the Word of God to us within the celebration of the sacred mysteries.
SOURCES
*General Instruction of the Roman Missal, nos. 29, 55, 65–66.
*Code of Canon Law, Canon 767 §1–3.
*Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, Homiletic Directory, especially nos. 1–7.
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