Ngusale Electrical and Solar solutions

10/02/2026

●●● Classification of switches :
● Air-break switch :
• an air switch that is designed to open a circuit under load.
• Used outdoor for circuits of medium capacity such as lines supplying an industrial load from main transmission line or feeder.
• arcing horns are provided to quench the arc that may occurs during the opening of the switch.
• Arcing horns are pieces of metals between which arc is formed during the opening operation and as the switch opens, these horns are spread farther and farther apart.

● Isolator or disconnecting switch :
• It is designed to open a circuit under no load.
• Its main purpose is to isolate one portion of the circuit from the other and is not intended to be opened while current is flowing in the line.
• Used on both sides of circuit breakers in order that repairs and replacement of circuit breakers can be made without any danger.
• It should not be opened until the circuit breaker in the same circuit has been opened and should always be closed before the circuit breaker is closed.

● Oil switches :
• the contacts of such switches are opened under oil, usually transformer oil to cool and quench the arc that tends to form when the circuit is opened.
• used for circuits of high voltage and large current carrying capacities.

14/10/2025

Why is solid wire not used on ship vehicle and moving part

⚡ 1. Flexibility

Solid wire is stiff and rigid, which makes it difficult to bend or route around corners.

Ships, vehicles, and machines vibrate and move constantly, so they need flexible wiring that can bend without breaking.

Stranded wire, made up of many small wires twisted together, is more flexible and ideal for such environments.

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⚙️ 2. Vibration and Fatigue

In moving systems, wires experience continuous vibration and movement.

Solid wire can crack or break at connection points due to metal fatigue.

Stranded wire can absorb vibration better and lasts longer in such conditions.

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🔌 3. Ease of Installation

Stranded wire is easier to pull through tight spaces and bends easily around corners — useful in vehicles and ships with limited space.

Solid wire can be hard to route or terminate in confined or complex layouts.

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🌊 4. Safety and Reliability

Broken solid wires can lead to short circuits or fire hazards in moving equipment.

Stranded wire maintains electrical continuity even if a few strands break, making it safer and more reliable.

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✅ In short:

> Solid wire = Best for fixed installations (like building wiring).
Stranded wire = Best for moving, vibrating, or flexible systems (like ships, cars, and machines).

28/06/2025

star delta motor starter box

25/05/2025

The image above shows a basic Direct-On-Line (DOL) motor starter control circuit using a contactor, a Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB), and push buttons (Start and Stop buttons). Here’s an explanation in English:

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Components:

1. MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker):

Provides protection to the circuit from overcurrent.

The MCB in this diagram is also integrated with an RCD (Residual Current Device) for earth leakage protection.

2. Stop Button (Normally Closed - NC):

This button breaks the circuit when pressed, stopping the motor.

It is connected in series with the Start button and the contactor coil.

3. Start Button (Normally Open - NO):

This button closes the circuit when pressed, energizing the contactor coil to start the motor.

It is wired in parallel with an auxiliary contact (13-14) for latching/self-holding.

4. Contactor (CJX2 0910):

Used to switch the motor on and off.

Terminals A1 and A2 are for the coil.

Terminal 13 (NO) is the auxiliary contact used for self-holding.

Terminals 1L1, 3L2, 5L3 (input) and 2T1, 4T2, 6T3 (output) are for power lines.

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Working Principle:

1. Initial State:

Power is supplied from the MCB.

The Stop button is NC (allowing current), and the Start button is NO (no current flow yet).

2. Starting the Motor:

When the Start button is pressed, current flows through the Stop button and the Start button to the contactor coil (A1–A2), energizing it.

The contactor closes its main contacts and auxiliary contact (13–14), providing a self-holding path.

Even after releasing the Start button, the current continues flowing via the auxiliary contact.

3. Stopping the Motor:

When the Stop button is pressed, the circuit is broken (since it’s NC and now opens), de-energizing the contactor coil.

All contacts open, and the motor stops.

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This control circuit is commonly used in industrial settings to start and stop three-phase motors safely and effectively.

24/05/2025

MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) controllers are significantly more efficient than PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) types. While the MPPT is rated at 30A, it can convert excess voltage into additional current, maximizing the energy harvest from your solar panels—especially in varying sunlight conditions. The 60A PWM, on the other hand, simply brings the panel voltage down to battery voltage, wasting potential power. So, for overall performance and efficiency, the 30A MPPT is the smarter choice.

07/05/2025

Shout out to my newest followers! Excited to have you onboard! Blessing Ọyatọpẹ, Faith Ikata

12/04/2025

Transformers work only with AC (alternating current) and not with DC (direct current) because of how they operate:

How Transformers Work (Simplified):

A transformer uses electromagnetic induction.

An AC current in the primary coil creates a changing magnetic field.

This changing magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary coil.

Why DC Doesn't Work:

DC is constant (it doesn't change direction or magnitude).

A constant magnetic field from DC doesn't induce a changing magnetic field.

Without a changing field, no voltage is induced in the secondary coil.

So, no energy transfer happens.

What Happens if You Use DC:

If you apply pure DC to a transformer:

It will only induce a voltage for a brief moment (when switching it on or off).

Then, nothing happens.

Worse, the transformer can overheat or burn out because DC causes a constant current, which creates heat in the coil but no useful induction.

So in short:
Transformers need changing magnetic fields → AC provides that → DC doesn't.

02/04/2025

Shout out to my newest followers! Excited to have you onboard! Alex Idambo, Godwin Zacharian, Kevin Khatambi, Dēê Smile Kêêpér

26/03/2025

Star delta motor start wiring diagram.

26/03/2025

Controlling a lamp from 3 different positions by connecting an intermediate switch in-between two 2 way switches.A diagram shows the illustration . kindly follow my page Ngusale Electrical and Solar solutions

26/03/2025