Pato

20/08/2026

The Rutherford Experiment

The Rutherford experiment (often called the gold foil experiment) was a landmark physics study in 1909–1911 that showed atoms have a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus at their center, with most of the atom being empty space.

What they did
Ernest Rutherford, with Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, fired a beam of fast, positively charged alpha particles at an extremely thin sheet of gold foil and observed where the particles went using a phosphorescent screen that flashed when hit.

Key setup points:
1.Alpha source:radioactive material emitting alpha particles (helium nuclei).
2.Target: very thin gold foil (only a few thousand atoms thick).
3.Detector: a circular screen/microscope system to count flashes (scintillations) at different angles.

What they observed

They found three main outcomes for the alpha particles:
1.Most passed straight through the foil with little or no deflection.
2.Some were deflected by small angles (a few degrees).
3.A very small fraction (about 1 in 8,000–12,000) were deflected at large angles, some even bouncing almost straight back toward the source.
This last result—large-angle and backward scattering—was completely unexpected under the then-dominant “plum pudding” model of the atom.

What it meant
Rutherford reasoned:
1.Since most alpha particles went straight through, atoms must be mostly empty space.
2.The few large deflections meant there was a very small, very dense region of positive charge that strongly repelled the positively charged alpha particles.
4.Because only a tiny fraction hit this region head-on, it had to be extremely small compared with the overall size of the atom.

From this he proposed the nuclear model of the atom:
1. a tiny central nucleus containing almost all the atom’s mass and all its positive charge, with electrons orbiting around it at relatively large distances.
Why it matters

-This experiment overturned the plum pudding model and established the modern picture of the atom with a central nucleus, laying the foundation for later quantum models and nuclear physics.

20/08/2026

THOMSON'S MODEL OF ATOMIC THEORY
Thomson’s model of the atom, also called the plum pudding model, describes the atom as a sphere of positively charged matter with negatively charged electrons embedded inside it, making the atom electrically neutral

Points to note
1.The atom was thought to be a uniformly positive sphere
2.Electrons were scattered throughout the sphere like plums in pudding
3.The positive and negative charges balanced, so the atom had no net charge
4.The electrons were held in place by attraction to the positive charge

Importance of the model
-This was one of the earliest atomic models to include subatomic particles and helped explain the existence of electrons inside atoms

Limitation
It was later rejected because it could not explain Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, which showed that atoms contain a small, dense nucleus

06/08/2026

GOD'S LOVE SAYS IT ALL

26/07/2026

Jesus returned to Capernaum, and many people gathered to hear Him teach. Four men brought a paralyzed man to Jesus, but because of the large crowd they could not reach Him. They climbed onto the roof, removed part of it, and lowered the man on his mat before Jesus. Seeing their faith, Jesus said to the paralyzed man:

30/05/2026

‭Psalms 16:1-8
[1] Keep me safe, my God, for in you I take refuge.
[2] I say to the Lord, “You are my Lord; apart from you I have no good thing.”
[3] I say of the holy people who are in the land, “They are the noble ones in whom is all my delight.”
[4] Those who run after other gods will suffer more and more. I will not pour out libations of blood to such gods or take up their names on my lips.
[5] Lord, you alone are my portion and my cup; you make my lot secure.
[6] The boundary lines have fallen for me in pleasant places; surely I have a delightful inheritance.
[7] I will praise the Lord, who counsels me; even at night my heart instructs me.
[8] I keep my eyes always on the Lord. With him at my right hand, I will not be shaken.

Keep me safe, my God, for in you I take refuge. I say to the LORD, “You are my Lord; apart from you I have no good thing.” I say of the holy people who are in the land, “They are the noble ones in wh

20/02/2026

Proverbs 4 :18.
Lord OrderOur Path

"The path of the righteous shines brighter and brighter until the full day”

Brethren as we journey forward this year, we do so with confidence, faith, and joyful expectation.

The God who has brought us this far will faithfully lead us onward. This season is not one of fear or hesitation, but of purpose, growth, and divine alignment.

The Lord is breathing fresh strength into our vision, unity into our service, and grace into every activity we undertake.

Every step we take in obedience will bear fruit, and every labor done in love will not be in vain.

Let us move together with positive energy, renewed commitment, and unwavering trust, knowing that God goes before us, walks with us, and establishes the work of our hands.

The path of the just is ordered by the Lord

12/01/2026

Numbers 13:30.
Taking the Year 2026, For we are well Able.

“And Caleb stilled the people before Moses, and said, Let us go up at once, and possess it; for we are well able to overcome it.”

While others saw giants, Caleb and Joshua saw God’s power. Faith looks beyond challenges and focuses on what God can do.

They believed that if God had spoken, then moving forward was the only right response. Obedience opens the door to God’s promises.

“Let us go up at once…”
Delays often weaken faith. When God says move, courage responds quickly.

Their confidence was not in human strength but in God’s promise. With God, “we are well able.”

Joshua and Caleb had “a different spirit”
That spirit—faithful, loyal, hopeful—qualified them to enter the promised land when others fell away.

They stood against the fear of ten spies and the complaints of the whole congregation. Faith sometimes means standing alone.

Because of their unwavering belief, God preserved their lives and gave them the inheritance He promised.

11/01/2026

25/11/2025

Celebrating my 1st year on Facebook. Thank you for your continuing support. I could never have made it without you. 🙏🤗🎉